In this paper various extensions of the design strategy of transformation media are proposed. We show that it is possible to assign different transformed spaces to the field strength tensor (electric field and magnetic induction) and to the excitation tensor (displacement field and magnetic field), resp. In this way, several limitations of standard transformation media can be overcome. In parti...

This paper presents the implementation and characteristic analysis of a drive system for a three-phase permanent magnet motor with independent excitation winding that is applicable for electric bicycles. The design features improves the phase current waveform, output power, and torque by using advance angle control. This adjusts the phase angle of each phase current in relation to back EMF. In ...

We study the effect of the spreading widths on the excitation probabilities of the double giant dipole resonance. We solve the coupledchannels equations for the excitation of the giant dipole resonance and the double giant dipole resonance. Taking Pb + Pb collisions as example, we study the resulting effect on the excitation amplitudes, and cross sections as a function of the width of the state...

Experiments handling Rydberg atoms near surfaces must necessarily deal with the high sensitivity of Rydberg atoms to (stray) electric fields that typically emanate from adsorbates on the surface. We demonstrate a method to modify and reduce the stray electric field by changing the adsorbates distribution. We use one of the Rydberg excitation lasers to locally affect the adsorbed dipole distribu...

Hybrid imaging techniques utilize couplings of physical modalities – they are called hybrid, because, typically, the excitation and measurement quantities belong to different modalities. Recently there has been an enormous research interest in this area because these methods promise very high resolution. In this paper we give a review on hybrid tomography methods for electrical conductivity ima...

We have produced laser-cooled Wigner crystals of 229Th3+ in a linear Paul trap. The magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) hyperfine constants for four low-lying electronic levels and the relative isotope shifts with respect to 232Th3+ for three low-lying optical transitions are measured. Using the hyperfine B constants in conjunction with prior atomic structure calculations, a new val...

We have determined the terahertz spectrum of the chiral langasite Ba3NbFe3Si2O14 by means of synchrotron-radiation measurements. Two excitations are revealed that are shown to have a different nature. The first one, purely magnetic, is observed at low temperature in the magnetically ordered phase and is assigned to a magnon. The second one persists far into the paramagnetic phase and exhibits b...

The transient development of electric-field distributions in a biased GaAs film after low density optical excitation is determined by measurements of Franz-Keldysh modulations with a time resolution of 100 fs. The experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations. The transient field is calculated with a drift-diffusion model. Our calculation of the dielectric function of GaAs inc...