A long-standing but fundamental question in lightning studies concerns how lightning is initiated inside storms, given the absence of physical conductors. The issue has revolved around the question of whether the discharges are initiated solely by conventional dielectric breakdown or involve relativistic runaway electron processes. Here we report observations of a relatively unknown type of dis...

This paper discusses two different modes of breakdown in the reverse-biased I–V characteristics observed generically in bipolar junction transistors sBJTsd with the base emitter shorted, showing an erratic behavior, in the presence of large displacement currents. Experimental observations related to reverse-biased collector junctions of BJTs, that exhibit two different states of breakdown when ...

This paper presents and compares different avalanche breakdown voltage estimation methods in 4H-SiC (silicon carbide) using finite element simulation results on Schottky diode. 4H-SiC avalanche breakdown voltage and depletion width estimated with Baliga’s equations have shown to be higher than other estimation techniques and simulation results, especially for voltages higher than 5kV. This pape...

Since the insulation performance of air is not as good that SF6 and other gases, it necessary to conduct an in-depth study on characteristics fuse tube in order meet requirements normal breaking design a structural improvement scheme for 12 kV environmental protection cabinet suitable using insulating medium. In this study, before was studied, electric-field distribution placed air-insulated sw...

Several aspects of microwave breakdown in resonators are discussed in this paper. Approximate analytical criteria are formulated for the critical microwave breakdown field in some illustrative model geometries, which clearly brings out the main physical properties of microwave-induced breakdown in the presence of inhomogeneous electric fields. The analytical results are verified by comparisons ...