Momentum and scalar transport in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) is driven by a turbulent mix of winds, buoyancy, and surface gravity waves. To investigate the interaction between these processes, a large-eddy simulation (LES)model is developed with the capability to impose a broadband spectrum of time-varying finite-amplitude surface waves at its lower boundary. The LES model adop...

In an attempt to understand the implications of Long's " generalized dimensional analysis, " this method was applied to the problem of the wind distribution in the planetary boundary layer. The assumption was made that the equations of motion, together with an appropriate set of boundary conditions, define a unique relationship among the wind, the stress, and certain other variables and paramet...

The geostrophic method was applied to six north-south hydrographic profiles across the Caribbean Sea and one across the Yucatan Strait. An axis of flow exists in the southern third of the Caribbean Sea. It flows directly over the steep slope in the reference layer found by Defant's method. This condition is similar to that of the Gulf Stream. The baroclinic mass distribution extends to approxim...

We have investigated the northeasterly/southwesterly wind jets blowing through the Tsushima Strait from two case studies. Using high-resolution winds derived from SAR, we have presented the detailed structure of wind in the strait. The general flow is generally close to geostrophic wind in the strait, inferring from the seal level pressure fields. Wind jets are induced by two channels and by th...

The diurnal variation of various meteorological parameters in the Planetary Boundary Layer a t different latitudes was studied adopting the basic framework of the simple one dimensional model of Estoque and modifying i t in the light of the latest theories of atmospheric turbulence. Following are the results concerning the variation of wind: i) The phase angle of the diurnal wind speed wave shi...

We explore the change in Southern Ocean upwelling during last deglaciation, based on proxy records and a transient climate model simulation. Our analyses suggest that, beyond conventional mechanism of Hemisphere westerlies shift, is strongly influenced by surface buoyancy forcing local topography. Over Antarctic Circumpolar Current region, zonal mean upwelled flows exhibited distinct evolution ...

We generate explicit height-dependent eddy viscosity coefficients in the Ekman layer from convex wind speed profiles. The solutions we obtain are parameterized terms of relative deflection angle between directions at top and bottom flow, as well geostrophic a velocity scale interpret transfer rate horizontal momentum vertical direction. may be used to infer thickness for variety angles differen...

The semiannual cycle in zonal wind over the equatorial Indian Ocean is investigated by use of ocean– atmospheric reanalyses, and linear ocean–atmospheric models. In observations, the semiannual cycle in zonal wind is dominant on the equator and confined in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Results from a momentum budget analysis show that momentum advection generated by the cross-equatorial m...

The reported study examines the dynamics of entrainment and its effects on the evolution of the dry atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL) when wind shear is present. The sheared CBL can be studied by means of direct measurements in the atmosphere, laboratory studies, and numerical techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed in the present paper, which also...

Satellite microwave scatterometers are the principal source of global synoptic-scale ocean vector wind (OVW) measurements for a number of scientific and operational oceanic wind applications. However, for extreme wind events such as tropical cyclones, their performance is significantly degraded. This paper presents a novel OVW retrieval algorithm for tropical cyclones which improves the accurac...