the influence of Africa upon him, as well as to his desire to further the cause of mutual understanding between western nations and the newly-emerging African states. In his foreword the author does not forget to pay tribute to the British Museum and the Wellcome Historical Medical Library. He begins with an account of prehistoric times, followed by a review of Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Arabian a...

We present a method for automatically learning inflectional classes and associated lemmas from morphologically annotated corpora. The method consists of a core languageindependent algorithm, which can be optimized for specific languages. The method is demonstrated on Egyptian Arabic and German, two morphologically rich languages. Our best method for Egyptian Arabic provides an error reduction o...

Ancient Egyptian methods of baking and brewing are investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy of desiccated bread loaves and beer remains. The results suggest that current conceptions about ancient Egyptian bread and beer making should be modified. Bread was made not only with flour from raw grain, but sometimes also with malt and with yeast. Brewing blended cooked and uncooked ma...

MATERIAL Two EGYPTIAN skeletons of the Dynastic Period are described: each shows anomalies compatible with the diagnosis of the basal cell naevus syndrome. They are in the Egyptian osteological collection of the Istituto di Antropologia, University of Turin (Cat. Nos. E225 and E 235), where one of us (M.I.S.) was carrying out research on an Italian Government scholarship in 1967. A curious and ...

In Egypt, liver diseases represent a national endemic crises, annually increasing to affect younger people. About 25% of population are sharing at least one of the liver problems; cirrhosis, hepatitis C virus HCV and/or hepatocellular carcinoma HCC with 100,000 death rate annually. Screening of 50 Egyptian spices, vegetables and wild plants for cytotoxicity against HepG2, successfully uncovered...

The main objective of this study is to test the relationship between numbers of variables representing the firm characteristics (market-related variables) and the extent of voluntary disclosure levels (forward-looking disclosure) in the annual reports of Egyptian firms listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange. The results show that audit firm size is significantly positively correlated (in all the...

The use of Argania spinosa press cake for livestock feed is limited due to the presence of saponins, which give it a very bitter flavor and make it unpalatable to livestock. The present study aims to evaluate whether a detoxification method reduces saponin levels of press cake and how that affects its nutrient contents. The response surface methodology was used in this study involved g...

The primary purpose of this investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of lower-body strength and vertical jump performance in overweight male (n = 8) and female (n = 13) adolescents. Maximal strength was tested in the leg press and isometric squat. Kinetic and kinematic variables were assessed in vertical jumps at various loads. When compared with females, males demonstrated significa...

In the current study, Mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase gene especially codons within subunit 1 (cox1) of H. diminuta and H. nana Egyptian isolates from two stages (adult worms and eggs) and hosts origin (human and rat) were amplified, sequenced and aligned. PCR products were approximately 700 bp, 702 bp and 715 bp of H. nana rat isolates, H. diminuta rat isolates, and H. nana human isolates, ...

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and significantly affects health-related quality of life. Consequently, there is growing interest in measuring health related quality of life. The aim of this study is to translate myocardial infarction dimensional assessment scale into Arabic language for Egyptian MI patients, test its validity, reliability and culturally a...