Abandoned mine lands (AMLs) associated with past coal-mining scar Pennsylvania’s landscape with environmental and safety hazards. Reclamation projects eliminate and reduce hazards AMLs pose. Due to the large number of AMLs and limited funds, precedence is given to reclaim the most hazardous sites first. These sites are identified through an assessment process that assigns priorities to AMLs. Ho...

Population growth is a significant challenge in developing countries because it leads to the destruction of green infrastructure and urban agriculture lands around cities, resulting dissatisfaction with environment. This study aims revitalize abandoned agricultural within city limits due planning, which can be considered kind infrastructure. In Tabriz, Iran, texture coexist, effect native plant...

Soil erosion is a global environmental problem and pervasive form of land degradation that threatens productivity food water security. Some the biggest sources sediment in catchments are cultivated abandoned lands. However, abandonment fields not well-researched. Our study assesses level lands using case South Africa. We answer three main questions: (1) What extent crop field on used, partly fi...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an essential role in angiogenesis. This includes developmental angiogenesis as the loss of a single allele is embryonic lethal due to lack of development of endothelial cells. During early development, endothelial cells depend on VEGF for survival and if it is withdrawn, massive apoptosis results. This is not true in adult organisms; withdrawal of...

Areas abandoned for various reasons are widespread on Earth, with a significant proportion in some regions of Europe. Our knowledge vegetation dynamics lands is incomplete, part because research comparing types from different cultivars limited. This paper compared the textural and structural changes previously extensively treated vineyards, arables, grasslands over 30-year timescale secondary s...