The primary responsibility of veterinarians is to the animals in their care, so veterinary students need to be aware of important issues and factual information relevantto animal welfare. Veterinarians have tended to concentrate on physical aspects of welfare, but also need to take account of mental aspects (including pain) and naturalness. A crucial first step in animal welfare education is to...

Looking back into the history of welfare facilities for employees in an organization, they have always and will keep playing a pivotal role in enhancing employee morale. The welfare schemes in every organization facilitate impetus for employee and employer relations. Employees’ welfare is inherent core component, as they act as life blood for achieving the objectives of an organization. The mai...

Abstract We study the impact of reforms that introduced more stringent, biometric ID requirements into India's largest social protection program, using large-scale randomized and natural experiments. Corruption fell but with substantial costs to legitimate beneficiaries, 1.5-2 million whom lost access benefits at some point during reforms. At same time, adverse effects appear have been driven p...

Paper prepared for a Special Issue of MOCT-MOST Economic Policy in Transitional Economies on Living Standards and Welfare in Central Asia.

Revised centile standards are given for triceps and subscapular skinfold measurements in boys and girls aged from one month to 19 years. The school age data are based on London measurements made in 1966, and the infant data on Midland Infant Welfare Clinic figures in 1966-67. All centiles are above those given in the earlier standards published in 1962, and particularly so in infancy. It is emp...

Animal welfare is a factor which affects public acceptability of animal production systems and hence sustainability. The scientific assessment of animal welfare, including animal health, has developed rapidly in recent years. Public concern abut the welfare of farm animals has also increased substantially. Legislation has an effect on animal welfare if adequately enforced. At present, the great...

Historically, worker movements have played a crucial role in making workplaces safer. Firms traditionally oppose better health standards. According to our interpretation, workplace safety is costly for firms but increases the average health of workers and thereby the aggregate labour supply. A laissez-faire approach in which firms set safety standards is suboptimal as workers are not fully info...