We examine the evolutionary history and speculate about the evolutionary future of three basic life history ecotypes that contribute to the biocomplexity of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). The 'recurrent evolution' (RE) hypothesis claims that the sea/river ecotype is ancestral, a 'straying' form with poorly differentiated (meta)population structure, and that highly structured populations o...

The effect of climate change on phenology and growth is less understood for belowground plant tissues than aboveground tissues, particularly in high-latitude regions. Ecotypes within a species adapted to locality may display different responses change. We established two common garden plots the Arctic tundra north Brooks Range northern Alaska. Three ecotypes Eriophorum vaginatum along latitudin...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Knowledge of host factors affecting plant-nematode interactions is scarce. Here, relevant interaction phenotypes between a nodulating model host, Lotus japonicus, and the endoparasitic root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita are assessed via a genetic screen. METHODS Within an alpha experimental design, 4-week-old replicate plants from 60 L. japonicus ecotypes were inocul...

Two contrasting ecotypes of Dianthus carthusianorum L., metallicolous (M) and nonmetallicolous (NM), were cultivated in hydroponics at 0-50 μM Cd for 14 days to compare their Cd accumulation, sensitivity and tolerance mechanisms. While both ecotypes contained similar concentrations of Cd in the shoots and roots, the M ecotype was more Cd-tolerant (as measured by fresh weight production and root...

In the scenario of global warming and climate change, heat stress is a serious threat to crop production worldwide. Being sessile, plants cannot escape from heat. Plants have developed various adaptive mechanisms to survive heat stress. Several studies have focused on diversity of heat tolerance levels in divergent Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes, but comprehensive genome scale unde...

This study sought to assess mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity and phylogeographic structure of chickens from five agro-ecological zones of Zimbabwe. Furthermore, chickens from Zimbabwe were compared with populations from other geographical regions (Malawi, Sudan and Germany) and other management systems (broiler and layer purebred lines). Finally, haplotypes of these animals were aligned to c...

Contact zones between ecotypes are windows for understanding how species may react to climate changes. Here, we analysed the fine-scale genetic and morphological variation in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) around the UK by genotyping 591 stranded animals at nine microsatellite loci. The data were integrated with a prior study to map at high resolution the contact zone between two previou...

The cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the numerically dominant phototroph in the oligotrophic oceans. This group consists of multiple ecotypes that are physiologically and phylogenetically distinct and occur in different abundances along environmental gradients. Here we examine adaptations to phosphate (P) limitation among ecotypes. First, we used DNA microarrays to identify genes involved in t...

in most region of khorasan, sesame ecotypes have been planted for many years, but there is little information about seed yield and yield components of them. therefore a field experimental was conducted to investigation of yield parameters of 14 sesame ecotypes (msc1, msc2, msc3, msc4, msc5, msc6, msc7, msc8, msc9, msc10, msc11, msc12, msc13 and msc14) in randomized complete block design with th...

Salinity negatively influences crop growth, but several salt-tolerant plant species (halophytes) are viable crops. Sarcocornia fruticosa (ecotypes EL and VM) is currently cultivated, there demand for new candidates higher biomass production. Salicornia brachiata Roxb. Arthrocneum macrostachyum L. considered novel crops, to realize their potential, response salinity nitrogen nutrition was compar...