The growth of regional trade blocks has been one of the major developments in international relations in recent years. Regional agreements vary widely but, all have the objective of reducing barriers to trade between member countries that in most cases result in increasingly trade flows and economic growth. This paper attempts to explore the results of trade integration in ECO, EU and OIC block...

afghanistan is a land-locked country that depends on its neighboring countries to transit essential commodities. iran, for its proximity and access to the high seas, seems to have the most economical route to meet afghanistan’s needs. however, this country did not pursue such an economical route due to its western tendencies and its foreign policies which were completely different with iran’s. ...

throughout his long life, man has always imagined creating a creature with the same capabilities of his own or much higher than that; a creature in his service. at the end of the 20th century, gaining the logical and mathematical model for man’s actions and reactions has caused man to be the creator of a virtual intelligence himself; the intelligence by which a machine can think like a man, hav...

national currency depreciation or appreciation has always been argued seriously among policymakers since changing in exchange rate could cause improvement or deficit in trade balance. these changes affect the trade volume of a country in both short-run and long-run. long-run effects are recognized as the marshall-lerner condition, while short-run effects are analyzed by two concepts: j-curve an...

  The paper uses economic and energy data analysis and econometric modeling to study the prospects and challenges of Korea’s 2003 FTA Roadmap (MOFAT 2013) in the form of potential comprehensive partnerships with its major trade and energy partners. It first reviews Korea’s international economic and trade relations in recent years with a focus on its major merchandise export destinations an...

China’s joining of WTO in 2001 has completely changed its economic structure and its entry in WTO proved to be a landmark event in the global economy. As a result, China’s trade relations with the world have improved significantly particularly with India. Both, India and China are the fastest growing economies in the world since they have grown at rate of 8% and 10% GDP respectively. The total ...

Many researchers and authorities in the field of international relations agree on the issue that one of the factors to make relations between and among governments in through traders and exchanging goods among people of different lands, and as human societies develop in different fields, the economic affair and trades of these countries expand and develop, as well.  Thus, they, in turn, have ha...

The London Underground is one of Britain’s most st ri ke-prone industries, with the threat and use of strike action by the National Union of Rail Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT) a persistent feature of industrial relations during the past 10-15 years. Thus on a number of occasions st ri kes have paralysed sections of the tube network, inconvenienced up to 3 million commuters and caused mil...