nowadays, economic load dispatch between generation units with least cost involved is one of the most important issues in utilizing power systems. in this paper, a new method i.e. water cycle algorithm (wca) which is similar to other intelligent algorithm and is based on swarm, is employed in order to solve the economic load dispatch problem between power plants. wca is used to solve complicate...

A real economic growth only comes from increasing quality and quantity of the factors of production. Most production systems produce items which are of imperfect quality. In a production/inventory situation items which are received or produced are not of perfect quality. Thus the presence of defects which is inevitable in a produced/ordered lot is sorted out by the process of screening. Handlin...

In the last 30 years, China has achieved high economic growth and successfully transformed its economy from a planned economy to a market-based system. The country, to a large extent, has attained success through the recommendations proposed by standard economic theory. However, the role of political economy has been omitted from the literature: how did China adopt the right economic policies a...

Questioning the underlying assumptions of the process of creative destruction, we conceptualize an alternative process of creative construction that may characterize the dynamics between entrants and incumbents. We discuss the underlying mechanism of knowledge spillover strategic entrepreneurship whereby knowledge investments by existing organizations, when coupled with entrepreneurial action b...

In this paper we investigate three sources of economic growth and evolution of world income distribution during the 90’s: (i) technological change, (ii) efficiency change (the catching-up) and (iii) capital deepening. Our research is an extension to recent study of Kumar and Russell (2002), which we complement in two ways: we considering a more recent period (the 90’s instead of 1965-90) and, a...

Focussing on the prime example of CO2 emissions, we discuss several important theoretical and econometric problems that arise when studying environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs). The dominant theoretical approach is given by integrated assessment modelling, which consists of economic models that are combined with environmental impactmodels. We critically evaluate the aggregation, model dynamics a...

About VINNOVA VINNOVA, the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems, integrates research and development in technology, transport, communication and working life. VINNOVA´s mission is to promote sustainable growth by developing effective innovation systems and funding problem-oriented research. Through its activities in this field, VINNOVA aims to make a significant contribution to Sweden´s develo...

This paper examines the relation between financial, corporate and legal systems, and economic performance in different countries. It reviews international comparisons that undertake detailed analyses of individual, developed countries and studies that use large, cross-country data banks, including developing countries. While the former do not provide evidence of a clear relation between differe...

based on a meta-theoretical analysis of voting, the present paper is an attempt to present a theoretical model encompassing all the possible aspects of voting in an election action system, proposing four sub-systems of voting as follows: economic voting, political voting, cultural voting and moral voting. having distinguished among these sub-systems, the writer describes the constitutive elemen...