due to limitation of available water and soil resources in iran, the challenge of optimizing the utilization of these resources has become more significant. one of the solutions to the economic, planning and optimization of water use and achieve the optimum level of water use is associated with improved farming activities and this is the most important agricultural research needs. the study of ...

In order to estimate economic values of productive traits (meat, milk and wool) in Taleshi native sheep breed of Iran, records from economic parameters and performance of local Taleshi flocks were used. The economic values of traits were used to select the maximum profit estimation also to study the sensitivity rate of the model the effects of 20 percent increase / decrease in the price of milk...

Industry in Ukraine is among the world’s most energy intensive. Energy was plentiful and cheap in Soviet times and little effort was made to conserve it. Rising energy prices have had a major impact on profits and production, which also creates a tremendous market potential for energy efficient products and services. Yet Ukrainian industry has not implemented significant energy efficiency measu...

The neoclassical theory of investment implies that expected stock returns are tied with the expected marginal benefit of investment divided by the marginal cost of investment. Winners have higher expected growth and expected marginal productivity (two major components of the marginal benefit of investment), and earn higher expected stock returns than losers. The investment model succeeds in cap...

The relationship between the quality of finishing works, costs, market value, and profit, is presented and explained for residential buildings. The results show that the higher quality of finishing works increases profit for investors. As the maximum market price is limited, there is a limit when the investment in finishing work is no longer cost-effective as, after increase in costs, the marke...

Botnets have become an increasing security concern in today’s Internet. Thus far the mitigation to botnet attacks is a never ending arms race focusing on technical approaches. In this paper, we model botnet-related cybercrimes as a result of profit-maximizing decision-making from the perspectives of both botnet masters and renters/attackers. From this economic model, we can understand the effec...

This paper develops a discrete-time formalization of the circuit of capital model presented by Marx in Volume II of Capital Marx (1993) as a tool for aggregate economic analysis of capitalist economies. The discrete-time formalization closely follows and extends the continuous-time formalization in Foley (1982, 1986a). The discrete-time model is used to address two important issues of interest ...

Lack of information about technology and prices often hampers the empirical assessment of the validity of the profit maximization hypothesis. We show that the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology comprises natural tools for dealing with such incomplete information. In particular, we focus on the economic meaning of the DEA model that builds on assumptions of monotone and c...

Socio-economic decisions are commonly explained by rational cost vs. benefit considerations, whereas person variables have not usually been considered. The present study aims at investigating the degree to which dispositional power motivation and affective states predict socioeconomic decisions. The power motive was assessed both indirectly and directly using a TAT-like picture test and a power...

We show that in many applied economic models, it is possible to reduce the dimensionality of the space of actions to what we call “sufficient decisions.” We find that for monopoly and oligopoly in multi-sided markets and multi-product markets, the market equilibrium can be transformed into an equivalent market equilibrium in which each firm makes a single decision. Because profit maximization c...