For longitudinal data, mixed models include random subject effects to indicate how subjects influence their responses over repeated assessments. The error variance and the variance of the random effects are usually considered to be homogeneous. These variance terms characterize the within-subjects (i.e., error variance) and between-subjects (i.e., random-effects variance) variation in the data....

many graph theoretical parameters have been used to describe the vulnerability of communication networks, including toughness, binding number, rate of disruption, neighbor-connectivity, integrity, mean integrity, edgeconnectivity vector, l-connectivity and tenacity. in this paper we discuss integrity and its properties in vulnerability calculation. the integrity of a graph g, i(g), is defined t...

The purpose of this study was to determine how the influence ecological approach-based counselling services on academic integrity. population were all students in school while sample amounted 398 students. This research uses ex post factor design. Data analysis techniques used descriptive and simple linear regression analysis. results showed that level student perceptions high category (M = 70....

Urban population has been increasing at an unprecedented rate accommodating more than half of the world population in cities. Massive human intervention in the tropical region contributes to loss of environmental integrity amplifying challenges like air pollution, deforestation, water scarcity, local extinction, and destruction of natural landscapes. To shape the international community’s attit...