Echinacea (Asteraceae), a North American genus of 11 recognized taxa (McGregor 1968), is of great economic and scientific interest. Three species, E. angustifolia DC. var. angustifolia, E. pallida (Nutt.) and E. purpurea (L.) Moench, show potential pharmacological activity (Bauer et al. 1988a; Bauer and Wagner 1991). Hydroalcoholic extracts of the roots of these three taxa stimulate phagocytosi...

background: applications of natural ingredients not only increase the shelf life of food but also omit the problems of synthetic preservatives compounds. objective: cinnamon verum essential oil (cveo 0.05, 0.1, 0.15%) and echinacea purpurea extract (epe 0.25, 0.5, 0.75%) were added to kolompe (a traditional cookie in kerman-iran) and their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects were compared wit...

background: oxidation of lipids causes reduction of different properties of products that contains lipids. nowadays, there is a growing demand for the natural antioxidants due to the harmful effects of synthetic antioxidants such as bha, bht and tbhq. objective: in this study, extract of aerial parts of echinacea purpurea l. was used instead of synthetic antioxidants in cake then, antioxidant a...

The chicken embryo is an established model system for studying early vertebrate development. One of the major advantages of this model is the facility to perform manipulations in ovo and then continue incubation and observe the effects on embryonic development. However, in common with other vertebrate models, there is a tendency to disregard the sex of the experimental chicken embryos, and this...

open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.