Over the last 10 years, significant progress has been made in the field of computer graphics, especially in real-time rendering. Most noteworthy, the use of dedicated graphics accelerator hardware has found its way from the professional to the consumer market, and their ever increasing power has allowed for rendering almost photorealistic virtual environments while still maintaining interactive...

introduction: besides having major effects on the stability of lumbar vertebrae, diaphragm and abdominal muscles play an important role in respiration. the function of these muscles may gradually change in patients with chronic low back pain leading to an inefficacious respiration. the aim of this study was to evaluate respiratory volumes in a group of patients with chronic low back pain and to...

Many have pondered the potential impact of Mendel's work if Darwin had come across it in his lifetime. Darwin found difficulty with a blending inheritance and natural selection but a new letter suggests he was grappling with a more modern view. Nigel Williams reports.

In this study, the densities, excess molar volumes and partial molar volumes of four binary systems containing N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) with 1-alkanols (1-butanol up to 1-heptanol) are measured at 298.15 K. The results showed both constructive and expansive excess volumetric behavior for studying binary mixtures. Deviation values of heavy alcohol have more positive and less negative excess...

Given a solid S ⊂ R with a piecewise smooth boundary, we compute an approximation of the boundary surface of the volume which is swept by S under a smooth one-parameter motion. Using knowledge from kinematical and elementary differential geometry, the algorithm computes a set of points plus surface normals from the envelope surface. A study of the evolution speed of the so called characteristic...

a r t i c l e i n f o Accurate information of working locations is vital for efficient resource planning, safety of the construction site and monitoring the weekly progress of earthworks, which is missing in the existing linear scheduling methods. Construction managers have to depend on the subjective decisions for resources allocation and progress monitoring from location aspects. This has cau...

An essential element of implicit solvent models, such as the generalized Born method, is a knowledge of the volume associated with the individual atoms of the solute. Two approaches for determining atomic volumes for the generalized Born model are described; one is based on Voronoi polyhedra and the other, on minimizing the fluctuations in the overall volume of the solute. Volumes to be used wi...