A recently established Eragrostis curvula pasture 1,1 ha in size at Hennops River in the Transvaal Highveld was contaminated from 6 October 1976 until 20 May 1977 by 30 weaned Merinos, each infested with 7 000 infective larvae of H. contortus. On 2 November 1976 3 groups of weaned Merinos and again on 10 January 1977 a further group of Merinos were infested with 40 000 infective larvae of Trich...

Data on long-term circulation of pathogens in wildlife populations are seldom collected, and hence understanding of spatial-temporal variation in prevalence and genotypes is limited. Here, we analysed a long-term surveillance series on influenza A virus (IAV) in mallards collected at an important migratory stopover site from 2002 to 2010, and characterized seasonal dynamics in virus prevalence ...

European hares (Lepus europaeus) in central Europe have high energetic costs of reproduction, mainly due to precocial, rapidly growing young that rely largely on energy-rich milk. Thus, hares in this climate build up large fat stores during winter that are then gradually depleted during the spring-to-autumn breeding season. We hypothesized that the diminishing fat stores of females over the bre...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Early clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) remains challenging. AIM We attempted to identify any sign or symptom to diagnose PSP earlier. METHODS A total of 401 patients, 40 with PSP and 361 with other neurodegenerative disorders, were included. We followed these patients for at least 1 year since 2009. We reviewed the signs and symptoms of patients ...

We propose the methodology of building process-driven models for medium-term forecasting spring floods (including catastrophic ones) in mountainous areas, hydrological analysis which is usually much more complicated contrast to plains. Our based on system analytical modeling complex processes 34 river basins Altai-Sayan mountain country. Consideration 13 types landscapes as autonomous subsystem...

Estimation of impervious surface area is important to the study of urban environments and social development, but surface characteristics, as well as the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolutions of remote sensing images, influence the estimation accuracy. To investigate the effects of regional environmental characteristics on the estimation of impervious surface area, we divided China into s...

A variety of studies have implicated the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in fear, including permanent storage of fear memory. Recent pharmacological and genetic studies indicate that early synaptic plasticity in the ACC may also contribute to certain forms of fear memory at early time points. However, no study has directly examined the possible changes in neuronal activity of ACC neurons in fre...

Previous evidence indicates that changes in well-defined phases of dormancy in underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge in late summer and autumn are regulated by complex sensing and signaling pathways involving aboveground sugar signals. However, little information exists concerning seasonal photosynthesis and carbohydrate partitioning of leafy spurge, although such information would help...