Corn is the cereal with the highest production worldwide and is used for human consumption, livestock feed, and fuel. Various food technologies are currently used for processing industrially produced maize flours and corn meals in different parts of the world to obtain precooked refined maize flour, dehydrated nixtamalized flour, fermented maize flours, and other maize products. These products ...

One of the major uncertainties in the understanding of Earth’s climate system is the interaction between solar radiation and aerosols in the atmosphere. Aerosols exposed to high humidity will change their chemical, physical, and optical properties due to their increased water content. To model hydrated aerosols, atmospheric chemistry and climate models often use the volume weighted mixing rule ...

Background: Dry skin induces antihistamine-resistant itch, as well as epidermal hyperinnervation, which is partly responsible for peripheral itch sensitization. In acute dry skin, topical application of emollients prevents the penetration of nerve fibers into the epidermis. However, the effects of emollients on itch and epidermal hyperinnervation in individuals with chronic dry skin are poorly ...

Effect of selenium on uptake of cadmium in the benthic marine invertebrates Asterias rubens, Mytilus edulis, Littorina littorea, and Arenicola marina was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. A. rubens exposed to 200 ~cg Cd 1-' alone took up cadmium in body wall, pyloric caeca, and tube feet at initial rates of 1 to 2 pg Cd g-' dry wt d-'; steady state concentrations of 10 to 30 p...

The impacts of hot, dry, and compound hot-dry extremes are significant for societies, economies, ecosystems worldwide. Such events therefore need to be assessed in the light anthropogenic climate change so that suitable adaptation measures can implemented by governments stakeholders. Here we show a comprehensive analysis over global land regions using 25 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Ph...

Mid-tropospheric Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) retrievals from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) are utilized to study OCS distributions during dry/wet seasons over Amazon rainforest. TES reveal positive anomalies (∼16 ppt) central and southern parts of August–October (dry season) compared January–March (wet season). There is less taken up by vegetation soil more released biomass burning dr...

The economy of C and N in nodulated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) was described in terms of fixation of CO(2) and N(2), respiratory losses of C, and the production of dry matter and protein.Net daytime gain of C by the shoot (net photosynthesis) rose to a maximum at flowering and then declined sharply due to abscission of leaves. Maximum N fixation occurred 10 days prior to maximum net ...

Climate-related environmental and humanitarian crisis are important challenges in the Great Horn of Africa (GHA). In the absence of long-term past climate records in the region, tree-rings are valuable climate proxies, reflecting past climate variations and complementing climate records prior to the instrumental era. We established annually resolved multi-century tree-ring chronology from Junip...

The objectives of this work were to determine the effect of nodulation on dry matter, reduced-N, and phosphorus accumulation and partitioning in above-ground vegetative parts and pods of field-grown soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv Harosoy).From comparison of nodulated and nonnodulated isolines, it was estimated that nodulated plants attained 81 and 71% of total-plant (above ground) N from up...

This paper presents studies of the level of some gamma radioactive elements and heavy metals in fruits, vegetables and plants from Lublin. Potassium K isotope was the most prevalent element in the examined samples. It concentrated mainly in aboveground parts of some vegetables, for example in parsley and carrots haulm and in leaves of red beet and leek (from 1135 to 1940 Bq/kg). Considerably lo...