For analyzing prescription datasets, usually one wishes to identify drugs by classes, rather than by U.S. FDANational Drug Codes. We demonstrate how to utilize the NLM RxNorm online API to map NDCs to WHOAnatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical classes, and present statistics and caveats of mapping 71,309 NDCs found inMedicare Part D claims from 2006 to 2013 and 134,580 NDCs found in a c...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Structured Product Labeling (SPL) is a document markup standard approved by Health Level Seven (HL7) and adopted by United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a mechanism for exchanging drug product information. The SPL drug labels contain rich information about FDA approved clinical drugs. However, the lack of linkage to standard drug ontologies hinders their ...

We consider the possibility of free receptor (antigen/cytokine) levels rebounding to higher than the baseline level after one or more applications of an antibody drug using a target-mediated drug disposition model. Using geometry and dynamical systems analysis, we show that rebound will occur if and only if the elimination rate of the drug-receptor product is slower than the elimination rates o...

The current drug R&D pipeline for most neglected diseases remains weak, and unlikely to support registration of novel drug classes that meet desired target product profiles in the short term. This calls for sustained investment as well as greater emphasis in the risky upstream drug discovery. Access to technologies, resources, and strong management as well as clear compound progression criteria...

The research process for new drug is complicated, time-consuming, and costly. Thousands of chemical compounds must be made and tested in an effort to find one that can achieve a desirable result. It may take approximately ten years to study and test a new drug before it can be approved for the general public. However, in today's pharmaceutical industry drug delivery has become keys in drug prod...

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is proposing new warning labeling for all over-the-counter (OTC) drug products containing phenylpropanolamine preparations (phenylpropanolamine bitartrate, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, and phenylpropanolamine maleate). Phenylpropanolamine is a sympathomimetic drug that is used in OTC weight control, cough-cold, nasal decongestant, and allergy drug pr...

buccal mucoadhesive systems among novel drug delivery systems have attracted great attention in recent years due to their ability to adhere and remain on the oral mucosa and to release their drug content gradually. buccal mucoadhesive films can improve the drug therapeutic effect by enhancement of drug absorption through oral mucosa increasing the drug bioavailability via reducing the hepatic f...

the objective of research was to explore the suitability of lipids like compritol 888 ato and stearic acid as release retardant to develop sustained release (sr) tablets. the sr micromatrices of lipid (s) and glipizide were prepared (lm1- lm6) as intermediate product by fusion method and assessed for various pharmacotechnical properties. micromatrices were formulated as sr tablets (f1-f6) by di...