p56lck is involved in the maturation of T-cells from double negative (DN) into double positive (DP) T-cells. The objective of this experiment was to determine changes in the levels of thymic and splenic T-cell p56lck using Western immunoblotting, along with the proportion and number ofT-cell subsets in thymus, spleen and blood using flow cytometry in growing Sprague-Dawley rats. Thymic p56lck l...

A rearranged TCR α transgene remains transcriptionally inactive in rag-2–/– thymocytes but can be induced by CD3-mediated signals with concomitant maturation of double-negative (DN) thymocytes to the CD4FCD8F double-positive (DP) stage. Reciprocally, the same signals silence pre-TCRα (pTα) expression. In normal C57BL/6 thymocytes, TCRα expression is not detected in DN thymocytes while, in contr...

Double pylorus (DP), is a form of gastroduodenal fistula, which consists of a short accessory canal from the gastic antrum to the duodenal bulb, and mostly occrus in the background of peptic ulcer disease. Prevalence, as well long-term follow-up of patients with DP is less elucidated in western countries. Aim of our study was to analyse demografic, clinical and endoscopic characteristics in our...

Lineage commitment is a developmental process by which individual CD4+CD8+ (double positive, DP) thymocytes make a decision to differentiate into either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. However, the molecular event(s) that defines lineage commitment is controversial. We have previously proposed that lineage commitment in DP thymocytes can be molecularly defined as the selective termination of CD4 or CD8 c...

CTLA-4, a homologue of CD28, is a negative regulator of T cell activation in the periphery and is transiently expressed on the cell surface after T cell activation. However, the role of CTLA-4 in T cell activation in the thymus is not clear. This investigation was initiated to determine the role of CTLA-4 in the activation of CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) and CD4(+)CD8(-) and CD4(-)CD8(+) s...

The transcription factor complex E2F-1/DP-1 regulates the G1-to-S-phase transition and has been associated with sensitivity to the S-phase-specific anticancer agents camptothecin and etoposide, which poison DNA topoisomerase I and II, respectively. To investigate the relationship between E2F-1 and drug sensitivity in detail, we established human osteosarcoma U-20S-TA cells expressing full-lengt...

PURPOSE Caffeine (CAF) improves performance in both short- and long-duration running and cycling where performance relies on power output and endurance capacity of leg muscles. No studies have so far tested the effects of CAF while using the double-poling (DP) technique in cross-country skiing. When using the DP technique, arm muscles provide the speed-generating force and therefore play an imp...

Cells of the mature αβ T cell repertoire arise from the development in the thymus of bone marrow precursors (thymocytes). αβ T cell maturation is characterized by the expression of thousands of copies of identical αβ T cell receptors and the CD4 and/or CD8 co-receptors on the surface of thymocytes. The maturation stages of a thymocyte are: (1) double negative (DN) (TCR(-), CD4(-) and CD8(-)), (...

Double perovskite, Cs2AgBiBr6, is introduced as a lead-free perovskite solar cell. Device modeling of Cs2AgBiBr6 (DP) was accomplished to obtain the optimum parameters using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). Two devices with two different hole transport layers (HTLs) were investigated, including P3HT and Cu2O. For both HTLs, an optimal thicknesses 1200 nm defect densities $$1.0\times$$ ...

Recent studies have shown that maturation of CD4-8- double negative (DN) thymocytes to the CD4+8+ double positive (DP) stage is dependent on expression of the T cell receptor (TCR)-beta polypeptide. The exact mechanism by which the TCR-beta chain regulates this maturation step remains unknown. Previous experiments had suggested that in the presence of some TCR+ thymocytes, additional DN thymocy...