Objective: Different categories are available for estimating of radiation dose. Radioisotopes with the same energy and almost the same physical properties have similar effects. Monte Carlo technique is a computerized method based on mathematical simulation of physical processes. The main purpose of this study is to show that beta particles are not able to penetrate deep into the water. also dif...

Abstract Background Extravasation of radiopharmaceuticals used for vectorized internal radiotherapy can lead to severe tissue damage (van der Pol et al., Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 44:1234–1243, 2017). Clinical management these extravasations requires the preliminary estimation dose distribution in extravasation area. Data are scarce regarding literature. This work presents a methodology estima...

Although the Monte Carlo method is considered to be the most accurate method available for solving radiation transport problems, its applicability is limited by its computational expense. Thus, biasing techniques, which require intuition, guesswork, and iterations involving manual adjustments, are employed to make reactor shielding calculations feasible. To overcome this difficulty, we have dev...

Annually, many people are irradiated for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Assessment of radiation dose and its related risks to patients are important issues in radiation protection dosimetry. The complex mathematical calculations of the absorbed and effective doses are now done with computers. The calculations are performed with the help of anthropomorphic computational models of human bod...

Full buildup diodes can cause significant dose perturbation if they are used on most or all of radiotherapy fractions. Given the importance of frequent in vivo measurements in complex treatments, using thin buildup (low-perturbation) diodes instead is gathering interest. However, such diodes are strictly unsuitable for high-energy photons; therefore, their use requires evaluation and careful me...

Monte Carlo calculations and TLD measurements have been performed for the purpose of characterizing dosimetric properties of new commercially available brachytherapy sources. All sources tested consisted of a solid core, upon which a thin layer of 125I has been adsorbed, encased within a titanium housing. The PharmaSeed BT-125 source manufactured by Syncor is available in silver or palladium co...

This work presents an extensive study on Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation and thermoluminescent (TL) dosimetry for characterising mixed radiation fields (neutrons and photons) occurring in nuclear reactors. The feasibility of these methods is investigated for radiation fields at various locations of the Portuguese Research Reactor (RPI). The performance of the approaches developed in ...

In our most recent study of normal aging, we found decreased concentration of multiple chemicals in the brain of middle-aged subjects, as compared with younger subjects using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS). We hypothesized that these age-dependent differences in brain chemistry changes might be a reflection of the multichemical-networking-profile (MCNP) changes during...