Abstract Radiation has been used in a variety of different fields since its discovery. It is very important medial sector for both diagnosis and also treatment. In this study, the radiation dose rate emitted to environment after radiopharmaceutical injection was determined using patients undergoing bone scintigraphy imaging. measurements were performed at distances from patient levels patient. ...

The single cut measurement of exposure to respirable dust is the accepted method of exposure classification in occupational hygiene. We previously showed that actual pulmonary tissue dose may be substantially different from the dose expected, or the indicated dose, based on measurements using current single cut methodologies. We now examine exposure misclassification of workers based on any sin...

Introduction Magnetic fields are capable of altering the trajectory of electron beams andcan be used in radiation therapy.Theaim of this study was to produce regions with dose enhancement and reduction in the medium. Materials and Methods The NdFeB permanent magnets were arranged on the electron applicator in several configurations. Then, after the passage of the electron beams (9 and 15 MeV Va...

Accurate measurement and knowledge of dose delivered under eye shield during superficial X-ray radiotherapy is required for patient peripheral dose assessment. Critical structures can include the cornea, lens and retina. Measurement of dose under eye shields has been historically performed with Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD's) due to their small size and design. Restrictions include the ene...

PURPOSE In the presence of random uncertainties, delivered radiation treatment doses in patient likely exhibit a statistical distribution. The expected dose and variance of this distribution are unknown and are most likely not equal to the planned value since the current treatment planning systems cannot exactly model and simulate treatment machine. Relevant clinical questions are 1) how to qua...

Introduction CR-39 detectors are widely used for Radon and progeny measurement in the air. In this paper, using the Monte Carlo simulation, the possibility of using the CR-39 for direct measurement of Radon and progeny in water is investigated. Materials and Methods Assuming the random position and angle of alpha particle emitted by Radon and progeny, alpha energy and angular spectrum that arri...

background: intraoral radiographies are the most frequent x-ray examinations in humans. according to international commission on radiation protection (icrp) recommendations, the selection of a diagnostic reference level (drl) should be specific to a country or region. critica l organs such as thyroid gland are exposed to x-rays in intraoral radiography and these exposures should be kept as low ...

background: exposure conditions in ct examinations are quite different from conventional xray. in ct examination higher dose is given to patient in comparison with the dose in other diagnostic examinations. in order to calculate organ effective dose in chest ct, monte carlo simulation has been used in this study. materials and methods: the impact survey data were used to determine the parameter...