This chapter reviews the last 15 years of research inspired by social dominance theory, a general theory of societal group-based inequality. In doing so, we sketch the broad outlines of the theory and discuss some of the controversies surrounding it, such as the ‘‘invariance hypothesis’’ regarding gender differences in social dominance orientation (SDO) and the effect of social context on the e...

Responding appropriately to gaze cues is essential for fluent social interaction, playing a crucial role in social learning, collaboration, threat assessment and understanding others' intentions. Previous research has shown that responses to gaze cues can be studied by investigating the gaze-cuing effect (i.e. the tendency for observers to respond more quickly to targets in locations that were ...

Objective: The ways people use for social rank (dominance vs prestige) could explain difference attitude toward five moral foundations. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential relationship between prestige, dominance and moral foundations. Methods: This study conducted with 150 participants who respond to the moral foundation questionnaire and dominance-prestige scale. Multip...

Current theories of binocular vision suggest that the neural processes that resolve interocular conflict do not involve a single brain region but occur at multiple stages of visual processing. Here, using an adaptation paradigm, we explore the initial mechanisms involved in selecting a stimulus for perceptual dominance during binocular rivalry. When one or both eyes briefly viewed an adapting g...

A laboratory study was carried out to establish the relative importance of verbal and gestural behavior, as well as their interaction, for perceived social influence in more or less competitive small groups. Forty women (psychology students) participated in leaderless small group discussions of different sizes (four-member and eight-member): at the end, each member rated the perceived influence...

Resource holding power (RHP), as expressed by gaining dominance, can be affected by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Extrinsic factors that increase the RHP include e.g. prior exposure to the contest area. The pay-off asymmetry hypothesis was tested according to which there is an asymmetry in the value the resident's territory has for the resident and intruders, i.e. the resident loses more tha...

Sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI) is a self-pollen recognition system that enforces outcrossing in plants. Recognition in SSI systems is typically controlled by a complex locus (S-locus) with separate genes that determine pollen and stigma specificity. Experimental studies show that S-alleles can be dominant, recessive, or codominant, and that the dominance level of a given S-allele can de...

A previous genomewide association study (GWAS) identified SNP markers associated with propensity to migrate of rainbow and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a connected population with free access to the ocean in Upper Yakima River (UYR) and a population in Upper Mann Creek (UMC) that has been sequestered from its access to the ocean for more than 50 years. Applying genomic heritability ...

In the last two decades research on the neurophysiological processes of creativity has found contradicting results. Whereas most research suggests right hemisphere dominance in creative thinking, left-hemisphere dominance has also been reported. The present research is a meta-analytic review of the literature to establish how creative thinking relates to relative hemispheric dominance. The anal...