Treatment of domestic wastewater, at both the village and urban level, remains a problem in most developing countries. This is a review paper illustrating the use of duckweed-based wastewater treatment systems that provide genuine solutions to these problems. They are inexpensive to install as well as to operate and maintain. They do not require expensive technologies. Therefore, this review pa...

background: constructed wetlands (cw s ) are mimic filtration process in natural wetlands that effectively remove variety pollutants from wastewater. the main objective was the feasibility evaluation for using of subsurface flow constructed wetland in nitrogen and phosphorus removal from synthetic based on domestic wastewater in lab scale. methods: in this study, a synthetic wetland subsurface ...

Discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater to surface or groundwater is very dangerous to the environment. Therefore treatment of any kind of wastewater to produce effluent with good quality is necessary. In this regard choosing an effective treatment system is important. Sequencing batch reactor is a modification of activated sludge process which has been successfully used to treat munici...

background: hospitals generate relatively large quantities of wastewater that may contain various potentially hazardous ma­terials; therefore the proper management of hospital wastewater is essential. methods:   in this cross-sectional study, the quality and quantity of wastewater in the hospitals of tehran university of medi­cal sciences (tums), tehran, iran, were studied and the suitable meth...

Hydrogen peroxide has been used for decades in developed countries as an oxidizing agent in the treatment of water, domestic sewage and industrial effluents. This study evaluated the influence of the concentration of H2O2 and pH on the inactivation of Escherichia coli cells and the disinfection of sewage treated. The results showed that the inactivation rate increased with pH and H2O2. The pres...

It has been widely documented that municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents are a major source of artificial sweeteners to surface waters. However, in rural areas, the extent to which septic systems contribute these same compounds to groundwater aquifers is largely unknown. We examined the occurrence of four commonly used artificial sweeteners in an unconfined sand aquifer that serves as ...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising technology for energy-efficient domestic wastewater treatment, but the effluent quality has typically not been sufficient for discharge without further treatment. A two-stage laboratory-scale combined treatment process, consisting of microbial fuel cells and an anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor (MFC-AFMBR), was examined here to produce high ...

Background: Constructed wetlands are systems designed based on the utilization of natural processes, including vegetation, soil, and their associated microbial assemblage to assist in treating different types of wastewater. Methods: Two local Appalachian plants (Louis latifolia and Phragmites australis) were planted into smallscale constructed wetlands to treat domestic wastewater in the North ...

Reuse of partially treated domestic wastewater for agricultural irrigation is a growing practice in arid regions throughout the world. A field sampling campaign to determine bioaerosol concentration, culturability, and identity at various wind speeds was conducted at a flooded wastewater irrigation site in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. Direct fluorescent microscopy measurements for total a...

Cleaning up wastewater from domestic sewage and industrial processes is essential for safeguarding public health and the environment (for an overview of wastewater treatment processes see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Sewage_treatment). Biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) employing sludge represent one of the most widely used biotechnological processes, with more than 120 billion lit...