The pattern of well-known states in q 4 spectroscopy is quite different from CE and b 6. Because of the position of the heavy quark thresholds, the JP = lradial excitation ladder is well studied by formation in e+eexperiments and the L = 1 triplets are seen in 7 transitions. In the q p sector, however, the “leading” high-spin multiplets are best known (in both natural and unnatural f) and, sinc...

Let G be a connected noncompact simple Hermitian symmetric group with nite center. Let H() denote the geometric realization of an irreducible unitary highest weight representation with highest weight. Then H() consists of vector-valued holomorphic functions on G=K and the action of G on H() is given in terms of a factor of automorphy. For highest weights corresponding to ladder representations,...

We present two modelling approaches for the application of model checking to verify railway interlockings. The first translates so-called Ladder Logic into Scade language, the second models a segment of railway from scratch. The verification tool used is Scade.

A link between matroid theory and p-branes is discussed. The Schild type action for p-branes and matroid bundle notion provide the two central structures for such a link. We use such a connection to bring the duality concept in matroid theory to p-branes physics. Our analysis may be of particular interest in M-theory and in matroid bundle theory.

The chain ladder (volume-weighted average development factor) is perhaps the most widely used of the link ratio (age-to-age development factor) techniques, being popular among actuaries in many countries. The chain ladder technique has a number of interesting properties. We present one such property, which indicates that the chain ladder doesn’t distinguish between accident years and developmen...

The reliability of eight distinct methods (Giemsa staining, trypan blue exclusion, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining for fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, propidium iodide (PI) staining, annexin V assay, TUNEL assay and DNA ladder) for detection and quantification of cell death (apoptosis and necrosis) was evaluated and compared. Each of these methods detects di...

PURPOSE To determine the protective role of thioredoxin (TRX), an endogenous redox (reduction and oxidation) regulator, against retinal photic injury in mice. METHODS Four-week-old BALB/c mice were exposed to white fluorescent light (8000 lux) for 2 hours. The number of both the photoreceptor cell nuclei and the TUNEL-positive photoreceptor cell nuclei were counted to determine the severity o...

The usual chain ladder metlwd is a deterministic claims reserving method. In the last years. o stochastic loglineor approximation to the chain ladder method hav been u~rl by several authors especially in order to quantify the variability of the estimated claims reserves. Although the reserves estimated by both merAo& are clenrly diflerent. rk logknenrapproxi-mation has been called " chain ladde...

A ladder lottery, known as “Amidakuji” in Japan, is a common way to choose one winner or to make an assignment randomly in Japan. Formally, a ladder lottery L of a permutation π = (x1, x2, . . . , xn) is a network with n vertical lines (lines for short) and many horizontal lines (bars for short) connecting two consecutive vertical lines. The top ends of lines correspond to π. See Fig. 1. Each n...

To evaluate the participation of mitochondrial damage, oxygen radicals and cell death in diabetes mellitus, we designed a way to investigate INS-1 cells, rat pancreatic beta-cell line, to die by treatment with alloxan which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Incubation of INS-1 cells with alloxan for 24 h resulted in a decrease in viability of cells as well as inhibition of glucose-stimula...