The adage “A child is not a miniature adult” is most appropriate when considering diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The fundamental pathophysiology of this potentially life-threatening complication is the same as in adults. However, the child differs from the adult in a number of characteristics. 1) The younger the child, the more difficult it is to obtain the classical history of polyuria, polydips...

Historical literature reports risk of fetal demise after diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pregnancy as high as 25–60% (1,2). However, estimates have generally been based on small sample sizes, with limited investigation of other fetal outcomes or risk factors associated with poor fetal outcomes. We aimed to provide an updated assessment of the incidence and risk factors for fetal demise and other...

I read with interest the study by Al-Yaarubi et al.1 on the demographic and clinical characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Omani children. Al-Yaarubi et al.1 mentioned that the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis (31%) was higher than that reported in some developed countries. They addressed some factors contributing to it, namely different racial and environme...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of new-onset diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during childhood on brain morphology and function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients aged 6-18 years with and without DKA at diagnosis were studied at four time points: <48 h, 5 days, 28 days, and 6 months postdiagnosis. Patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy with cognitive assessment...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), lactic acidosis (LA), and hypoglycemia are acute and potentially life-threatening complications of diabetes. DKA and severe hypoglycemia are more common in type 1 diabetes, while HHS without ketoacidosis is associated more frequently with type 2 diabetes. In the United States, the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study reported th...

OBJECTIVE To determine the correlation between differential leukocyte counts and hyperglycemic emergencies. METHODS Fifty patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), 50 patients with diabetic ketosis (DK), 50 non-DK diabetic patients with stable glycemic control, and 50 normal controls were enrolled. Their total and differential leukocyte counts were measured and evaluated at admission and aft...

BACKGROUND Efforts at improving quality metrics in diabetes focus on minimizing adverse events and avoiding re-admissions to the hospital. Our experience with Glucommander™ (Glytec, Greenville, SC), a cloud-based insulin management software system, suggested that its use in the emergency department (ED) would be useful in treating patients with mild diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). MATERIALS AND ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a specialized intervention program could improve diabetes-related health outcomes in indigent patients with type 1 diabetes who were prone to occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). METHODS Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus admitted because of DKA during a 24-month period were invited to receive outpatient care in a diabetes treatment unit (DTU). We co...

(a) History: Most patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) will have a history of diabetes, and a history of altered insulin dose, infection, signifi cant medical “stress”. Antecedent symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia, lassitude, blurred vision, and mental status changes may predominate the clinical picture. With DKA, abdominal pain and tachypne...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is very rare in infants and toddlers and is usually associated with high mortality when complicated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Toddlers in DKA are often missed in our typical African setting where there is low index of suspicion. Usually, the classical symptoms are not usually at the forefront and many infants and toddlers who develop DKA are mistreated for infec...