We find that the fundamental quadratic form of classical string propagation in 2 + 1 dimensional constant curvature spacetimes solves the Sinh-Gordon equation, the Cosh-Gordon equation or the Liouville equation. We show that in both de Sitter and anti de Sitter spacetimes (as well as in the 2 + 1 black hole anti de Sitter spacetime), all three equations must be included to cover the generic str...

————————————————————————————————————– The linear stability of the solitary waves for the one-dimensional Benney-Luke equation in the case of strong surface tension is investigated rigorously and the critical wave speeds are computed explicitly. For the Klein-Gordon equation, the stability of the traveling standing waves is considered and the exact ranges of the wave speeds and the frequencies n...

The Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the Bianchi Class A cosmological models is expressed generally in terms of the second-order differential equation like the Klein-Gordon equation. To obtain the positive-definite probability density, a new method extending the Dirac-Square-Root formalism, which factorizes the Wheeler-DeWitt equation into the first-order differential equation using the Pauli matric...

Robert Gordon’s trip to the Mogok ruby mines in northern Burma, as reported in his testament to the Royal Geographical Society in 1888, represents one of the most blatant uses of travel as empire building in the Mekong Region. While European explorers and adventurers had been travelling to and along the region for centuries, most had been intent on mapping, surveying and categorizing its conten...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sleep is important to child development, but there is limited understanding of individual developmental patterns of sleep, their underlying determinants, and how these influence health and well-being. This article explores the presence of various sleep patterns in children and their implications for healthrelated quality of life. METHODS: Data were collected from the ...

Brown and Gordon asked whether the Poisson Dixmier-Moeglin equivalence holds for any complex affine Poisson algebra; that is, whether the sets of Poisson rational ideals, Poisson primitive ideals, and Poisson locally closed ideals coincide. In this article a complete answer is given to this question using techniques from differential-algebraic geometry and model theory. In particular, it is sho...

We investigate divergence-type theories describing the disipative interaction betwen a field and a fluid. We look for theories which, under equilibrium conditions, reduce to the theory of a Klein-Gordon scalar field and a perfect fluid. We show that the requirements of causality and positivity of entropy production put non-trivial constraints to the structure of the interaction terms. These the...

(1) f(x) = x+o(x) . The problem is discussed explicitly by Landau ([7], pp . 597-604 ; [8]), Ingham ([3]), Karamata ([5], [6]), Gordon ([1]), and is implicit in the 'Eratosthenian' summation method introduced by Wintner ([10], [11]) . In this paper we consider the analogous problem in which the sequence {n} of all positive integers is replaced by a finite or infinite sequence 1, a,, a2, . . . o...

The sine-Gordon Y-systems and those of the minimal M p,q + φ 13 models are determined in a compact form and a correspondence between the rational numbers and a new infinite family of multi-parameter functional equations for the Rogers dilogarithm is pointed out. The relation between the TBA-duality and the massless RG fluxes in the minimal models recently conjectured is briefly discussed.

We prove that the Maxwell-Klein-Gordon system on R1þ4 relative to the Coulomb gauge is locally well-posed for initial data in H1þ" for all " > 0. This builds on previous work by Klainerman and Machedon who proved the corresponding result, with the additional restriction of small-norm data, for a model problem obtained by ignoring the elliptic features of the system, as well as cubic terms.