in this paper, the effects of reflected waves of the facets on the internal optical intensity of semiconductor dfb lasers are investigated. the uniformity of optical intensity along the cavity length is evaluated with flatness parameter. the dependence of this parameter on coupling coefficient, reflectivity and grating phase at the facets is also studied. this investigation shows that in some s...

A recirculation aerosol wind tunnel was designed to maintain a uniform airflow and stable aerosol size distribution for evaluating aerosol sampler performance and determining particle penetration through protective clothing materials. The oval-shaped wind tunnel was designed to be small enough to fit onto a lab bench, have optimized dimensions for uniformity in wind speed and particle size dist...

It is not clear how various wetting agent products affect moisture distribution throughout sand-based putting green rootzones. The objective of this research was to determine how localized dry spot (LDS) incidence, and soil moisture values and uniformity, were affected by the application of five commercially available wetting agents. Wetting agents were applied during the 2007 growing season an...