Enabling electricity markets is one of main characteristics of a smart grid that integrates advanced sensing technologies, control methodologies, and communication technologies into current power distribution systems. Intelligent Multi-Agent System (MAS) that provides platform for modeling autonomous decision making entities in de-centralized fashion can be used to implement market based power ...

The modern electric power grid is a complex interconnected network of independent physical and electronic devices that utilize myriad technologies for communication between other devices and with centralized control centers. These technologies may be compromised by malicious parties which may, in turn, lead to degraded performance or a failure of the communications infrastructure, ultimately re...

Most of deterministic solvers for rarefied gas dynamics use discrete velocity (or discrete ordinate) approximations of the distribution function on a Cartesian grid. This grid must be sufficiently large and fine to describe the distribution functions at every space position in the computational domain. For 3-dimensional hypersonic flows, like in re-entry problems, this induces much too dense ve...

With the development of critical loads, power quality problem has become particularly important and poor power quality will be cause many adverse effects and the cost of many deaths will follow. To improve power quality and protection of sensitive loads against grid disturbances have been used new equipment based on power electronics similar FACTs devices, they are Custom Power. One of the most...

To measure carbon nanotube lengths, atomic force microscopy and special software are used to identify and measure nanotubes on a square grid. Current practice does not include nanotubes that cross the grid, and as a result, the sample is length biased. The selection bias model can be demonstrated through Buffon's Needle Problem, which was extended to general curves that more realistically repre...

Smart Meters have been called "Smart" for their communication capabilities, advanced billing configuration, event logging and register functions. Until now, DSOs have had little insight of the distribution grid, due to the absence of monitoring devices located at distribution-lines. Nowadays distribution networks are developing new capabilities with the installation of Smart Meters. Now it beco...

The basic idea of a load balancing system is to transfer partial of system workload from busy nodes to some idle nodes. The target resource selection for task migration is a key factor in the load balance strategy. As grid is dynamic in nature, resources may join or leave the grid at any instance of time. It’s inefficient to select a target resource that often leaves the grid and hence the task...

The connection and use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) such as Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (GCPV) systems in distribution networks have been increasing over the last few decades. The grid-connected PV system is one of the most promising renewable energy solutions which could offer many benefits to both the end user and the utility network. Such systems may cover the consumer’s own power deman...

Rising demand, climate change, growing fuel costs, outdated power system infrastructures, and new power generation technologies have made renewable distribution generators very attractive in recent years. Because of the increasing penetration level of renewable energy sources in addition to the growth of new electrical demand sectors, such as electrical vehicles, the power system may face serio...