A study of fatal traffic crashes in Florida examined contributing factors among crashes in which younger (under age 25) drivers were found to be at fault. A case-based analysis was used to improve the accuracy and completeness of the data from the original crash reports. Results were presented using over-representation factors (ORB), a simplified but statistically significant approach to freque...

We investigate how distraction affects the trading behavior of professional asset managers. Exploring detailed transaction-level data, we show that managers with a large fraction of portfolio stocks exhibiting an earnings announcement are significantly less likely to trade in other stocks, suggesting that these announcements absorb attention which is missing for the choice of which stocks to tr...

PROBLEM Distracted practice is the result of individuals interacting with the environment and technology in the performance of their jobs. The resultant behaviors can lead to error and affect patient safety. METHODS A qualitative descriptive approach was used that integrated observations with semistructured interviews. The conceptual framework was based on the distracted driving model. FIND...

212 words OK) Objective: To explore how a single master alarm system affects drivers’ responses when compared to multiple, distinct warnings. Background: Advanced driver warning systems are intended to improve safety, yet inappropriate integration may increase the complexity of driving, especially in high workload situations. This study investigated the effects of auditory alarm scheme, reliabi...

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of time-gap settings and contents of secondary tasks on a fix-based bus driving simulator on drivers’ performance while reclaiming control from ACC in a car-following scenario of emergency brake by the lead vehicle. Thirty professional bus drivers drove on the simulator with the scenario of highway traffic flow under 12 random time-gap settings: ...

The current study examined the effects of cognitively distracting tasks on various measures of driving performance. Thirty-six college students with a median of 6 years of driving experience completed a driving history questionnaire and four simulated driving scenarios. The distraction tasks consisted of responding to a signal detection task and engaging in a simulated cell phone conversation. ...

Driver warning systems are under development to improve safety in driving; yet the integration of these systems in cars may increase the complexity of driving, especially in high workload situations. Critical human factors issues arise, such as how the interaction between alerting schemes, system reliabilities, and distractions combine to affect human performance and situation awareness. An exp...

BACKGROUND Texting while driving has emerged as a significant distracted driving behavior among teenage drivers. A unique hospital-school collaborative pilot intervention (called "Be in the Zone" or "BITZ") was implemented to combat this growing problem. This intervention was hypothesized to lead to a decline in texting while driving among high school students. METHODS This collaborative inte...

Advances in the miniaturization and embedding of electronics for microcomputing, communication and sensor/actuator systems, have fertilized the pervasion of technology into literally everything. Pervasive computing technology is particularly flourishing in the automotive domain, exceling the “smart car”, embodying intelligent control mechanics, intelligent driver assistance, safety and comfort ...

Background. Little is known about the characteristics of internet distractions that students may engage in during lecture. The objective of this pilot study is to identify some of the internet-based distractions students engage in during in-person lectures. The findings will help identify what activities most commonly cause students to be distracted from the lecture and if these activities impa...