The distinction between cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibitors (CSIs) and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs ultimately must be clinical and must be clinically and economically relevant. This distinction needs to be demonstrated in a substantial and clinically relevant difference in the respective rates of serious adverse reactions of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Event-driven, randomized, ...

This paper is an analysis of scientific types – the categories of a scientific taxonomy. I argue that the philosophical view about mental types stands in contrast to the real nature of scientific types, which is in turn responsible for the mind-body problem. Since the view on the relation between psychology and neurology was broadened to the status about special sciences in general, my argument...

A new, fully dynamic and self-consistent radiation hydrodynamics code, suitable for the calculation of supernovae light curves and continuum spectra, is described. It is a multigroup (frequency-dependent) code and includes all important O(v/c) effects. It is applied to the model W7 of Nomoto, Thielemann, & Yokoi (1984) for supernovae of type Ia. Radioactive energy deposition is incorporated thr...

A significant body of work focuses on detecting events in social media, much of which relies on restrictive assumptions like prior event-centric filtering or known language models. Rather than build these expensive pre-processing and filtering pipelines, we explore language-agnostic techniques using only temporal features like token frequency. We construct temporal features for tokens in an unf...

Recent work proposed defining type-safe macros via interpretation into a multi-stage language. The utility of this approach was illustrated with a language called MacroML, in which all type checking is carried out before macro expansion. Building on this work, the goal of this paper is to develop a macro language that makes it easy for programmers to reason about terms locally. We show that def...

This paper presents a method for identifying token instances of verb particle constructions (VPCs) automatically, based on the output of the RASP parser. The proposed method pools together instances of VPCs and verb-PPs from the parser output and uses the sentential context of each such instance to differentiate VPCs from verb-PPs. We show our technique to perform at an F-score of 97.4% at iden...

Time underlies many interesting human behaviors. Thus, the question of how to represent time in connectionist models is very important. One approach is to represent time implicitly by its effects on processing rather than explicitly (as in a spatial representation). The current report develops a proposal along these lines first described by Jordan (1986) which involves the use of recurrent link...

This paper presents improved models for the automatic prediction of punctuation marks in written or spoken text. Various kinds of textual features are combined using Conditional Random Fields. These features include language model scores, token n-grams, sentence length, and syntactic information extracted from parse trees. The resulting models are evaluated on several different tasks, ranging f...

Reified logics have been a major subject of interest in the knowledge representation community for well over twenty years, since over the years, the need to quantify and reason about propositional entities such as events and states among other temporal entities has grown. Galton had made it clear that one may either refer to types or tokens (instances) of such entities in the ontology. A clear ...