Mental representations of spatial knowledge are organized hierarchically. Among people familiar with an urban environment, common spatial knowledge from these spatial mental representations enables successful communication of place and route descriptions, consisting of hierarchically-ordered references to prominent spatial features, such as streets. The more prominent a street is, the more like...

An important aspect of area-wide traffic calming concepts is the integration of major urban roads, because 70 to 80 percent of all urban accidents occur on major roads. Traffic calming which is primarily based on the locational shift to such main thoroughfares is socially injust, because -in spite of all disturbances on those streets about one quarter of the urban population live there. Social ...

Synergies between shopping and public transit have long been noted, with main streets emerging along tram lines malls attached to train stations. The shopping-transit synergy is also at the core of transit-oriented development (TOD), a widespread planning approach urban sustainability. However, there lack morphological research investigating how clusters around stations fine-geographic scale. T...

Many cities face health issues that result from ineffective urban planning strategies. The chances of doing exercises in sportive venues implicate public and citizen quality life. With the advent geo-big data era, it is crucial to explore spatial pattern sports facilities reflect issues. This study aims decode street-based spatiality gyms (one prevailing type venues) a comprehensive perspective...

A wearable 'helmet' version of the S cone isolating technique was constructed to explore vision at equiluminance. For my high school summer science project, I visited parks and streets while wearing the helmet and report that the helmet appears to have captured the main properties described for the large-scale, more cumbersome stage version.