Forest fragmentation results in a loss of forest interior and an increase in edge habitat. We studied how understorey bird community composition and habitat variables changed along an edge-to-interior gradient in a 1248-ha lowland rainforest patch in peninsular Malaysia. Birds and environmental variables such as vegetation structure and litter depth were detected within a 25-m radius of each of...

the vertex-edge wiener index of a simple connected graph g is defined as the sum of distances between vertices and edges of g. two possible distances d_1(u,e|g) and d_2(u,e|g) between a vertex u and an edge e of g were considered in the literature and according to them, the corresponding vertex-edge wiener indices w_{ve_1}(g) and w_{ve_2}(g) were introduced. in this paper, we present exact form...

The edge detour index polynomials were recently introduced for computing the edge detour indices. In this paper we find relations among edge detour polynomials for the 2-dimensional graph of $TUC_4C_8(S)$ in a Euclidean plane and $TUC4C8(S)$ nanotorus.

A new species, namely Astioberotha coutreti sp. nov., of the thorny lacewing subfamily Paraberothinae, is described and illustrated from a complete individual preserved in mid-Cretaceous amber Tanai, northern Myanmar. nov. preserves nearly all diagnostic characters this subfamily, differs type species genus owing to fore femur with one long basal spine 34 additional smaller spines; protibia bea...

In this paper, we study both concepts of geodetic dominatingand edge geodetic dominating sets and derive some tight upper bounds onthe edge geodetic and the edge geodetic domination numbers. We also obtainattainable upper bounds on the maximum number of elements in a partitionof a vertex set of a connected graph into geodetic sets, edge geodetic sets,geodetic domin...

The structure of hierarchical networks in biological and physical systems has long been characterized using the Horton-Strahler ordering scheme. The scheme assigns an integer order to each edge in the network based on the topology of branching such that the order increases from distal parts of the network (e.g., mountain streams or capillaries) to the "root" of the network (e.g., the river outl...

 Edge Detection is an important task for sharpening the boundary of images to detect the region of interest. This paper applies a linear cellular automata rules and a Mamdani Fuzzy inference model for edge detection in both monochromatic and the RGB images. In the uniform cellular automata a transition matrix has been developed for edge detection. The Results have been compared to the ...

hoffa fracture is a rare injury consisting of unicondylar tangential posterior fracture of the distal femur and only very few cases have been reported in the literature. these fractures are due to high energy trauma and conservative treatment generally yields poor results, but rigid internal fixation allows early functional rehabilitation and decreases the incidence of complications. the purpos...

background the management of distal tibia fractures continues to remain a source of controversy and debate. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate the various complications of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (mippo) using a locking plate for closed fractures of distal tibia in a retrospective study. patients and methods twenty-five patients with distal tibial frac...