A common problem with modern numerical oceanographic models is spatial displacement, including misplacement and misshapenness of ocean circulation features. Traditional error metrics, such as least squares methods, are ineffective in many such cases; for example, only small errors in the location of a frontal pattern are translated to large differences in least squares of intensities. Such prob...

In this paper, a plane quadrilateral element with rotational degrees of freedom is developed. Present formulation is based on a hybrid functional with independent boundary displacement and internal optimum strain field. All the optimality constraints, including being rotational invariant, omitting the parasitic shear error and satisfying Fliepa’s pure bending test, are considered. Moreover, the...

Operative treatment of displaced fractures of the proximal humerus is among the most difficult problems in orthopedic shoulder surgery. An accurate preoperative assessment of fragment displacement is crucial for a successful joint restoration. We present a computer assisted approach to precisely quantify these displacements. The bone is virtually reconstructed by multi-fragment alignment. In ca...

In chapter 3, the compliant mechanism has been designed by topology optimization with rectangular geometry as the basic geometry. In chapter 4, the work has been extended to taper and hexogonal basic geometries. In these studies, for the given input conditions, maximizing the GA and MA have been kept as the objectives. However, in many real life application, we need to obtain a specified output...

In medical image analysis there is frequently a need to invert dense displacement fields which map one image space to another. In this paper we describe inversion techniques and determine their accuracy in the context of 18 inter-subject brain image registrations. Scattered data interpolation (SDI) is used to initialise locally and globally consistent iterative techniques. The inverse-consisten...

The accuracy of measuring mass of loaded or discharged cargo by draft survey mass measuring method varies due to both systematic and accidental errors. The paper analyzes an error of draft readings on the calculated quarter mean draft, displacement based on the calculated quarter mean draft and the final displacement. By analyzing this problem, the authors have reached the conclusion that the i...

In this work we present an inverse finite-element modeling framework for constitutive modeling and parameter estimation of soft tissues using full-field volumetric deformation data obtained from 3D ultrasound. The finite-element model is coupled to full-field visual measurements by regularization springs attached at nodal locations. The free ends of the springs are displaced according to the lo...

We compared tidal volume (VT) measured from the integrated airflow signal of a pneumotachygraph (PNTG) in ten patients, seated comfortably, with airway obstruction to VT, recorded simultaneously, by three chest-wall volume-displacement methods: two-channel magnetometer, isovolume calibration (mag-isov); respiratory inductance plethysmograph, isovolume calibration (rip-isov); and, inductance ple...