The comparative analysis of the dynamic holograms recording efficiency in media with non-resonance mechanisms of optical nonlinearity is carried out. It is showed that the greatest values of this parameter are provided by thermodiffusion and electrostrictive mechanisms of concentration nonlinearity of liquid dispersed media.

objective(s): this paper describes a selective and sensitive biosensor based on the dissolution and aggregation of aptamer wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes. we report on the direct detection of aptamer–cocaine interactions, namely between a dna aptamer and cocaine molecules based on near-infrared absorption at λ807. materials and methods: first a dna aptamer recognizing cocaine was non-co...

These are the type of controlled drug delivery systems, which release the drug in continuous manner by both dissolution controlled as well as diffusion controlled mechanisms. To control the release of the drugs, which are having different solubility properties, the drug is dispersed in swellable hydrophilic substances, an insoluble matrix of rigid non swellable hydrophobic materials or plastic ...

We introduce a method to electrically stimulate individual neurons at single-cell resolution in arbitrary spatiotemporal patterns with precise control over stimulation thresholds. By exploiting a custom microelectronic chip, up to 65,000 non-Faradaic electrodes can be uniquely addressed with electrode density exceeding 6500 electrodes mm(-2). We demonstrate extracellular stimulation of disperse...

Effective control of phase growth under harsh conditions (such as high temperature, highly conductive liquids or high growth rate), where surfactants are unstable or ineffective, is still a long-standing challenge. Here we show a general approach for rapid control of diffusional growth through nanoparticle self-assembly on the fast-growing phase during cooling. After phase nucleation, the nanop...

Droplet-based microfluidics has received extensive research interests due to its superior control over the fluid flow. Conventional passive microfluidic flow-focusing devices confront difficulties in controlling droplet sizes in dripping regime especially when the dispersed phase has a large viscosity. External electric fields have been reported as an effective tool to manipulate droplet breaku...

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The issue discussed in the current publication is a process of emulsions penetration in the granular media driven by the capillary force. The research work focuses on the study of rate and height of multiphase liquids penetration in a porous bed. Changes of the medium porosity and saturation level occurring as a result of pores obstruction by the droplets of an inner phase, were considered. The...

In particulate materials, such as emulsions and granular media, a "jammed" system results if particles are packed together so that all particles are touching their neighbours, provided the density is sufficiently high. This paper studies through experiment, theory and simulation, the forces that particles exert upon one another in such a jammed state. Confocal microscopy of a compressed polydis...

We demonstrate the control of droplet sizes by an ac voltage applied across microelectrodes patterned around a flow-focusing junction. The electrodes do not come in contact with the fluids to avoid electrochemical effects. We found several regimes of droplet production in electric fields, controlled by the connection of the chip, the conductivity of the dispersed phase and the frequency of the ...