BACKGROUND Reductions in admissions for myocardial infarction (MI) have been reported in locales where smoke-free workplace laws have been implemented, but no study has assessed sudden cardiac death in that setting. In 2002, a smoke-free restaurant ordinance was implemented in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and in 2007, all workplaces, including bars, became smoke free. METHODS To evaluate the po...

Dramatic changes in media law and practice took place on Israel’s 70th year of independence: The Press Ordinance was abolished; the Broadcasting Authority (IBA) replaced by Israeli Corporation (IBC); Second Law (which governs commercial broadcasting) amended, abolishing “dual broadcasting model” established 1990s. What characterizes these is that they mark breaking up policy structure from its ...

in this paper, the effects of baffle on thermal characteristics of combined convection-radiation heat transfer in laminar flow adjacent to an inclined backward facing step (bfs) in a horizontal duct are investigated. a baffle is mounted on the top wall of channel downstream side of step. in this study, the fluid is treated as a gray, absorbing, emitting and scattering medium; therefore, in the ...

It is suggested that an understanding of blackbody radiation within classical physics requires the presence of classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation, the restriction to relativistic (Coulomb) scattering systems, and the use of discrete charge. The contrasting scaling properties of nonrelativistic classical mechanics and classical electrodynamics are noted, and it is emphasized that the...

in highland watersheds, runoff generated by snow melting plays an important role in stream water supply. srm (snowmelt runoff model) is a hydrologic model which simulates and predicts daily flow in mountain watersheds dominated by snow melting process. the srm is based on the degree-day procedure which, is a widely used method but does not consider physical factors. in the current research, the...

•republic •Articles of Confederation •Northwest Ordinance of 1787 •Shays’s Rebellion •James Madison •federalism •checks and balances •ratification •Federalists •Antifederalists •Bill of Rights American leaders created the Constitution as a blueprint of government for the United States. More than 200 years after its creation, the Constitution remains the nation’s guiding document for a working g...

In this study, a finite element model of a tissue-mimicking, viscoelastic phantom with a stiffer cylindrical inclusion subjected to an acoustic radiation force (ARF) is presented, and the resulting shear waves through the heterogeneous media are simulated, analyzed, and compared with experimental data. Six different models for the ARF were considered and compared. Each study used the same finit...

this paper proposes a discrete-time repetitive optimal control of electrically driven robotic manipulators using an uncertainty estimator. the proposed control method can be used for performing repetitive motion, which covers many industrial applications of robotic manipulators. this kind of control law is in the class of torque-based control in which the joint torques are generated by permanen...