pneumococci. The degree to which discontinuous oxygen shock can replace or modify the effect of temperature as a conditioning agent is under investigation. Sumnmary.-The transformability of pneumococcal cultures appears to be the result of cyclical processes occurring in individual groups in the population. These cycles, and the somewhat more regular ones of cell division to which they may be r...

Based on insights from research in information systems, information science, business strategy and organization science, this paper develops the bases for advancing the paradigm of AI and expert systems technologies to account for two related issues: (a) dynamic radical discontinuous change impacting organizational performance; and (b) human sense-making processes that can complement the machin...

The stationary differential heat and mass transfer equation with discontinuous coefficients describes various time-independent physical processes, for example, the distribution of minority carriers from a source in an inhomogeneous or multilayer structure. In this paper, we apply matrix method finite-difference modeling charge generated by kilovolt electrons semiconductor materials. efficiency ...

In this paper, the linearly conforming enriched radial basis point interpolation method is implemented for the elasto-plastic analysis of discontinuous medium. The linear conformability of the method is satisfied by the application of stabilized nodal integration and the enrichment of radial basis functions is achieved by the addition of linear polynomial terms. To implement the method for the ...

A variety of protein domain predictors were developed to predict protein domain boundaries in recent years, but most of them cannot predict discontinuous domains. Considering nearly 40% of multidomain proteins contain one or more discontinuous domains, we have developed DomEx to enable domain boundary predictors to detect discontinuous domains by assembling the continuous domain segments. Disco...

HSF (heat-shock transcription factor) trimers bind to the HSE (heat-shock element) regulatory sequence of target genes and regulate gene expression. A typical HSE consists of at least three contiguous inverted repeats of the 5-bp sequence nGAAn. Yeast HSF is able to recognize discontinuous HSEs that contain gaps in the array of the nGAAn sequence; however, hHSF1 (human HSF1) fails to recognize ...

Cost functions formulated in four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR) are nonsmooth in the presence of discontinuous physical processes (i.e., the presence of ‘‘on–off’’ switches in NWP models). The adjoint model integration produces values of subgradients, instead of gradients, of these cost functions with respect to the model’s control variables at discontinuous points. Minimiza...

In this paper, an automated algorithm to estimate and remove the continuous baseline from measured spectra containing both continuous and discontinuous bands is proposed. The algorithm uses previous information contained in a Continuous Database Spectra (CDBS) to obtain a linear basis, with minimum number of sampled vectors, capable of representing a continuous baseline. The proposed algorithm ...

We provide empirical evidence of volatility forecasting in relation to asymmetries present in the dynamics of both return and volatility processes. Using recently-developed methodologies to detect jumps from high frequency price data, we estimate the size of positive and negative jumps and propose a methodology to estimate the size of jumps in the quadratic variation. The leverage effect is sep...

Two replicas of spatially extended chaotic systems synchronize to a common spatio-temporal chaotic state when coupled above a critical strength. As a prototype of each single spatio-temporal chaotic system a lattice of maps interacting via power-law coupling is considered. Furthermore, each unit in the one-dimensional chain is linked to the corresponding one in the replica via a local coupling....