Abstract Every day, people inform themselves and create their opinions on social networks. Although these platforms have promoted the access dissemination of information, they may expose readers to manipulative, biased, disinformative content—co-causes polarization/radicalization. Moreover, recommendation algorithms, intended initially enhance platform usage, are likely augment such phenomena, ...

khoroslodaghlocated in northwestern of iran and south of moghan plain in ardabil province. these mountainsare from azarbyjan mountains unit and are separated from caucasus and talesh mountains in azarbyjan republic. study area was folded by upper pliocene and quaternary orogeny. pliocene orogeny was severe but quaternary folded was calm. afterward orogeny movements and folding, invertedrelief (...

One group of mutations either destabilized or increased the reactivity of the WT protein. For instance, Bonander et al. (2000) reported destabilization of azurin protein due to the destruction of disulfide bonds (with cystines mutated to other residues). de Antonio et al. (2000) analyzed the effect of mutating tryptophan residues (to phenylalanines) on the functional properties of the ribotoxin...

<p><span lang="EN-US">Online teaching has been pushed further as the best solution that addresses challenges of colleges and universities closure during COVID-19 pandemic. This study intended to disclose students’ perceptions online teaching. A quantitative survey approach was employed collect data from a total 175 students which were conveniently established amongst enrolled in aca...

By inserting the dialogue between Einstein, Schlick and Reichenbach into a wider network of debates about the epistemology of geometry, this paper shows that not only did Einstein and Logical Empiricists come to disagree about the role, principled or provisional, played by rods and clocks in General Relativity, but also that in their lifelong interchange, they never clearly identified the probl...

Abstract Indices of relative abundance are one the most important inputs into a stock assessment model. For many species, we must rely on several indices that routinely conflict with each other and which may result in biased uncertain outputs. Here, explored whether reconciled trends obtained from dynamic factor analysis (DFA) applied to conflicting can be used as trend input We simulated an ag...

Abstract Current estimates of the global land carbon sink contain substantial uncertainties on interannual timescales which contribute to a non-closure in budget (GCB) any given year. This imbalance (BIM) partly arises due use imperfect models are missing or misrepresenting processes. One such omission is separate treatment downward direct and diffuse solar radiation photosynthesis. Here we eva...

Abstract There is much to admire in John Pittard’s recent book on the epistemology of disagreement. But here we develop one concern about role that rational insight plays his project. Pittard develops and defends a view which party peer disagreement can show substantial partiality own view, so long as he enjoys even moderate into truth or cogency reasoning for view. argues this may happen ordin...

Abstract Ever since the publication of Kripke’s Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language, there’s been a raging debate in philosophy language over whether meaning thought are, some sense, normative. Most participants normativity wars seem to agree that uses meaningful expressions are semantically correct while disagreeing this entails anything But what is it say use an expression correct? On ...