An ultracompact polarization beam splitter (PBS) is designed on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform based on the localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excited by particular polarization light. The device uses nanoscale silver cylinders as the polarization selection between two silicon waveguides of a directional coupler. The transverse-magnetic (TM) polarization light excites localized surface plas...

the dogleg severity is one of the most important parameters in directional drilling. improvement of these indicators actually means choosing the best conditions for the directional drilling in order to reach the target point. selection of high levels of the dogleg severity actually means minimizing well trajectory, but on the other hand, increases fatigue in drill string, increases torque and d...

Most technological manufacturing lines include hydraulically operated stationary tools, devices and equipment. During a cycle, there are phases, usually short, in which part of the hydraulic cylinders drive systems concerned, with small gauges displacement speeds, have to generate / maintain high clamping or pressing forces, implies functioning at working pressures. The solution for such is use...

let $g=(v, e)$ be a graph. by emph{directional labeling (ord-labeling)} of an edge $x=uv$ of $g$ by an ordered $n$-tuple$(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)$, we mean a labeling of the edge $x$ such thatwe consider the label on $uv$ as $(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)$ in thedirection from $u$ to $v$, and the label on $x$ as$(a_{n},a_{n-1},...,a_1)$ in the direction from $v$ to $u$. inthis paper, we study graphs, called emph{...

ACR: An Adaptive Communication-Aware Routing through Maximally Zone-Disjoint Shortest Paths in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks with Directional Antenna Tetsuro Ueda, Shinsuke Tanaka, Bokuji Komiyama ATR Adaptive Communication Research Laboratories 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0288 JAPAN e-mail: {teueda, shinsuke, komiyama}@atr.jp Tel: +81-774-95-1529 Fax: +81-774-95-1509 Siuli Roy,...

the non-differentiability and implicit definition of boundary of production possibility set (pps) in data envelopment analysis (dea) are two important difficulties for obtaining directional characteristics, including different elasticity measures and marginal rates of substitution. also, imposing weight restrictions in dea models have some shortcomings and misunderstandings. in this paper we ut...

BACKGROUND People recovering from a stroke are less stable during walking compared to able-bodied controls. The purpose of this study was to examine whether and how post-stroke individuals adapt their steady-state gait pattern to maintain or increase their margins of stability during walking, and to examine how these strategies differ from strategies employed by able-bodied people. METHODS Te...

A standard approach to model how selection shapes phenotypic traits is the analysis of capture-recapture data relating trait variation to survival. Divergent selection, however, has never been analyzed by the capture-recapture approach. Most reported examples of differences between urban and nonurban animals reflect behavioral plasticity rather than divergent selection. The aim of this paper wa...