This survey paper presents the state-of-the-art directional medium access control (MAC) protocols in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks (WAHSNs). The key benefits of directional antennas over omni-directional antennas are longer communication range, less multipath interference, more spatial reuse, more secure communications, higher throughput and reduced latency. However, directional antennas ...

this paper presents a delay compensator fuzzy control for trajectory tracking of omni-directional mobile robots. fuzzy logic control (flc) of the robots is a suitable strategy for dealing with model uncertainties, nonlinearities and disturbances.  on the other hand, in many robotic applications such as mobile robots, delay phenomenon is able to substantially deteriorate the behavior of system's...

The miscoordination and malfunctioning of directional overcurrent relays (DOCR) may occur due to a significant change in the fault current level (FCL) network topology, from radial ring caused by renewable energy resource-based distributed generation (RES-DG). In this paper, hybrid time–current–voltage (TCV)-based protection scheme is proposed eliminate DOCR reduce overall operation time DOCRs....

Protection and control systems represent an essential part of distribution networks by ensuring the physical integrity components improving system reliability. devices isolate a portion network affected fault, while reduce number de-energized loads transferring to neighboring feeders. The integration distributed generation has potential enhance continuity energy services through islanding opera...

The growth of a country is scaled by the amount of energy it consumes. In the developing India, with the rise of population, increasing number of cities and demanding villages, caused to set up transmission lines with higher capacity. Inter-ties were connected through the transmission lines to lighten every city and village, thus making the whole system complex. This complex system required a r...

Eimeria spp. are a group of highly successful intracellular protozoan parasites that develop within enterocytes. Eimeria maxima from the chicken is characterized by high immunogenicity (a small priming infection gives complete immunity to subsequent homologous challenge) and naturally occurring antigenically variant populations that do not completely cross-protect. In this study we examined the...

Coordination among protective devices in distribution systems will be affected by adding distributed generators (DGs) to the existing network. That is attributed to the changes in power flow directions and fault currents magnitudes and directions due to the insertion of DG units in the distribution system, which may cause mis-coordination between protection devices. This paper presents an appro...

Directional antennas have been proposed to improve the performance and capacity of Wireless MAC protocols for use in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Such antennas focus their beams in the direction of their receiver, allowing more of the signal power to be used in the direction of the transmission and simultaneously reducing the interference in other directions. However, several challenges and...

Modern aircraft can be equipped with a flight envelope protection system: automation which modifies pilot control inputs to ensure that the remains within allowable limits. Overruling may lead mode confusion, even when visual or auditory feedback is provided alert pilots. We advocate using active devices make system tangible pilot. This paper presents main findings of an evaluation three haptic...