this research study employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate the test takers’ perceptions and anx- iety in relation to an english language proficiency test called community english program (cep). this study also evaluated the direct and semi-direct modes for speaking module of this test. to this end, 300 eng- lish as foreign language (efl) students were recruited in the study as test ta...

background: visceral leishmaniasis (vl), caused by leishmania infantum , is a life-threatening vector-borne parasitic disease is distributed in some parts of the world. the disease is endemic in some parts of iran. this study was aimed to determine the seroprevalence of vl among children and domestic dogs (as a reservoir of the parasite) in dehloran, west of iran material and methods: this cros...

visceral leishmaniasis (vl) or kala-azar is considered as a parasitic disease caused by the species of leishmania donovani complex which is intracellular parasites. this systemic disease is endemic in some parts of provinc-es of iran. the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of vl in qom province, central iran using di-rect agglutination test (dat).overall, 1564 serum samples (...

introduction: an ideal intracanal medicament should be able to eliminate any remaining intracanal microorganism. the aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effects of bioglass 45s5 with calcium hydroxide on enterococcus ( e ) faecalis in-vitro . materials & methods: direct exposure test (det) was used to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of bioglass 45s5, calcium hydroxide and norma...

background autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a hematologic disorder that is rarely observed in infants and young children. most of the cases are associated with viral or bacterial infections. in some cases, aiha can be characterized by a chronic course and an unsatisfactory control of hemolysis, thus requiring prolonged immunosuppressive therapy. case report especially in children younger than 2 y...

The experimental study introduces an unload-induced direct-shear model to investigate the frictional slip of a layer of simulated granular gouges induced by the combination of a decreasing normal stress and a constant shear stress. A frictional equilibrium state of the gouge layer is initially established under fixed normal and shear stresses. The normal stress is proposed to decrease at a cons...