Triphenylsulfonium chloride (TPSC) was employed as a bifunctional agent for the selective enrichment of perfluoroalkyl sulfonates by triphenylsulfonium perfluorosulfonic acid (TPA, a photoacid generator) precipitation, and for the direct detection of perfluorosulfonic acid by MALDI-TOF-MS, using the triphensylsulfonium group of TPA as a matrix.

YVO4:Eu nanocrystals synthesized by direct precipitation reaction. The morphologic transformation of the nanocrystals as the results of thermal treatments were analyzed using optical spectroscopy. A red shift of the fluorescence lines with the increase of the crystallite size was observed. The kinetics of the D0 level of Eu3+ is also analyzed.

A direct conjugation of organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (OPAA) with CdS quantum dots was prepared via arrested precipitation within the enzyme matrix. The bio-conjugate was found not only to retain enzyme conformational structure but also to retain enzyme activity and be effective at detecting diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) at the micro molar level.

Interactions between vegetation and fire have the potential to overshadow direct effects of climate change on fire regimes in boreal forests of North America. We develop methods to compare sediment-charcoal records with fire regimes simulated by an ecologica model, ALFRESCO (Alaskan Frame-based Ecosystem Code) and apply these methods to evaluate potential causes of a mid-Holocene fire-regime sh...

The enigma of the Bahamas is that this highly productive carbonate system has existed for at least 100 m.y., building a vast edifice of carbonates, thousands of meters thick, in an essentially nutrientpoor environment. Based on measurements of the insoluble material, the Fe and Mn in the carbonate fraction, and the d15N of the sedimentary organic matter, we suggest a paradigm shift in order to ...

For the first time, researchers have confirmed a long-suspected link between precipitation and plague. After reviewing nearly half a cen-tury's worth of data, a team of scientists from New Mexico and Colorado have found a strong tie between above-average precipitation during New Mexico winters and an increase in human cases of the still-dreaded plague. Their research, funded by the National Sci...

This paper presents a critical review of a number of popular methods that have been developed to retrieve cloud and precipitation properties from satellite radiance measurements. The emphasis of the paper is on the retrieval uncertainties associated with these methods, as these shape future data assimilation applications, either in the form of direct radiance assimilation or assimilation of ret...

Erosion processes in large mountain belts are controlled by tectonic uplift and the spatial distribution of topography and precipitation. The aim of this work is to understand more in detail the influence of precipitation on erosion in the Nepal Himalayas. Here, the Indian Summer Monsoon defines a very clear cyclic seasonality, with two well separated and long-lasting seasons, one very wet and ...

Ureolytically-driven calcium carbonate precipitation is the basis for a promising in-situ remediation method for sequestration of divalent radionuclide and trace metal ions. It has also been proposed for use in geotechnical engineering for soil strengthening applications. Monitoring the occurrence, spatial distribution, and temporal evolution of calcium carbonate precipitation in the subsurface...