background leptospirosis is a systemic infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria belonging to the species of leptospira, it is considered to be the most common zoonosis in the world. this is a serious and sometimes fatal infection which is transmitted from animals to humans by entering the digestive tract or mucosal membrane. within the initial 10-12 day period, the patient may experienc...

Immunofluorescence is a laboratory technique commonly used to study many aspects of biology. It is typically used to visualize the distribution and/or localization of a target molecule in cells and tissues. Immunofluorescence relies on the specificity of fluorescent-labelled antibodies against their corresponding antigens within a cell. Both direct and indirect immunofluorescence approaches can...

background: iga nephropathy, a prevalent disease in asia, is considered the main cause of end stage renal disease among primary glomerular disease. objective: to determine the frequency of different clinical, histopathological and immunofluorescent characteristics of iga nephropathy. methods: renal biopsies of 376 patients were received for immunofluorescent and for histopathological studies. b...

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune bullous dermatosis presenting with flaccid blisters and erosions. The morphology of pemphigus reflects the more superficial intraepidermal level split seen histologically in contrast pemphigoid, where deep below epidermis. This a case 58-year-old male clinically arcuate tense bullae, which are characteristic pemphigoid group disorders, revealed tombstoning pa...

Direct immunofluorescence and direct immunoperoxidase staining were equally sensitive and specific for detection of herpes simplex virus antigen in lesion specimens, and each method showed 82% agreement with virus isolation results.

coccidian protozoa of cyclospora cayetanensis are obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites that infect the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine of immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. a 25- years old woman from around, tehran with complaint of faintness and fatigue with hiv positive/aids confirmed eight months ago was admitted in imam khomeini hospital, tehran, iran in 2014....