Microbial dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) is widespread in anaerobic sediments and is a key producer of aqueous Fe(II) in suboxic sediments that contain reactive ferric oxides. Previous studies have shown that DIR produces some of the largest natural fractionations of stable Fe isotopes, although the mechanism of this isotopic fractionation is not yet well understood. Here we compare Fe isot...

Abstract. In this note we revisit Almgren’s theory of Q-valued functions, that are functions taking values in the space AQ(R) of unorderedQ-tuples of points in R. In particular: • we give shorter versions of Almgren’s proofs of the existence of Dir-minimizing Qvalued functions, of their Hölder regularity and of the dimension estimate of their singular set; • we propose an alternative intrinsic ...

Abstract. In this note we revisit Almgren’s theory of Q-valued functions, that are functions taking values in the space AQ(R) of unorderedQ-tuples of points in R. In particular: • we give shorter versions of Almgren’s proofs of the existence of Dir-minimizing Qvalued functions, of their Hölder regularity and of the dimension estimate of their singular set; • we propose an alternative intrinsic ...

The Man in the White Suit (TMITWS) is rarely mentioned in relation to design practice, beyond its relevance to “smart fabrics,” but every design professional should see this cautionary tale of an individual battling an industry. [1] The film‟s obsessive protagonist, Sidney Stratton (Alec Guinness) works as a cleaner at Corland textile mill while secretly pursuing chemical experiments. Upon disc...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance variations in commercial deformable image registration (DIR) tools for adaptive radiation therapy and further to interpret the differences using clinically available terms. Three clinical examples (prostate, head and neck (HN), and cranial spinal irradiation (CSI) with L-spine boost) were evaluated in this study. Firstly, computerized def...

The most notable trend in the sedimentary iron isotope record is a shift at the end of the Archean from highly variable δ56 Fe values with large negative excursions to less variable δ56 Fe values with more limited negative values. The mechanistic explanation behind this trend has been extensively debated, with two main competing hypotheses: (i) a shift in marine redox conditions and the transit...

Introduction: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is widely used for its improved conspicuity of long T2 lesions by suppressing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Concerns remain, however, that the IR imparts T1 weighting that can decrease detectability and lead to mischaracterization of some lesions. Frequently both T2 and FLAIR images are acquired in clinical protocols to guard against these ...

Background While DE imaging is considered a gold standard in the evaluation of myocardial scar/viability in patients with old MI or cardiomyopathy, a few recent publications demonstrate a higher diagnostic sensitivity of T2weighted techniques in patients with Non-STEMI and myocarditis where changes in T2-weighting are due to inflammation in the myocardium leading to edema (Abdel-Aty H, JACC 53:...

The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of everyday listening situations that influence user preferences for omnidirectional versus directional hearing aid microphones. Eleven experienced hearing aid users were fitted with digital hearing aids featuring switchable omnidirectional (OMNI) and adaptive-directional (DIR) modes (programs). For 6 weeks, their task was to identify an...

BACKGROUND Over time, exposure to cerebrovascular risk factors and carotid artery disease may cause multiple asymptomatic brain cortical and subcortical microinfarcts, which are commonly found at brain autopsy. So far, lack of convenient neuroimaging tools limited the investigation of grey matter ischemic damage in vivo. We applied the Double Inversion Recovery (DIR) sequence to explore the imp...