1. Time domain summary statistics and frequency domain parameters can be used to measure heart rate variability. More recently, qualitative methods including the Poincaré plot have been used to evaluate heart rate variability. The aim of this study was to validate a novel method of quantitative analysis of the Poincaré plot using conventional statistical techniques. 2. Beat-to-beat heart rate v...

Biological diversity and species richness have been declined throughout the world as a result of human activities. Measuring species richness is important in rangeland conservation to evaluate the status and trends of native plant species, detecting non-native species invasion and monitoring rare species. However, heterogeneity in plant distribution makes inventories difficult. In this study tw...

We give a simple condition for a linear recurrence (mod 2w) of degree r to have themaximal possible period 2w 1(2r 1). It follows that the period is maximal in the casesof interest for pseudo-random number generation, i.e. for 3-term linear recurrences de nedby trinomials which are primitive (mod 2) and of degree r > 2. We consider the enumera-tion of certain exceptional pol...

In this course, I will give an elementary introduction to the Galois theory of linear difference equations. This theory shows how to associate a group of matrices with a linear difference equation and shows how group theory can be used to determine properties of the solutions of the equations. I will begin by giving an introduction to the theory of linear algebraic groups, those groups that occ...

Introduction This package provides functions for discoverying linear recurrence equations with polynomial coefficients satisfied by the entries of a given array. It extends the functionality of existing packages like Mallinger's GeneratingFunctions.m or Salvy and Zimmermann's gfun in two directions: (1) it is more general in that, e.g., multivariate recurrences, or recurrences of a particular s...

An explicit approximate expression for half-wave potentials of irreversible steady-state current-voltage curves at a microdisk electrode was derived from the diffusion equation and the Butler-Volmer equation on the basis of the previous analytical method (J. E. C., 235 (1987) 87). The plot of the half-wave potential, E1/2, against ln(1-exp(-(E1/2E))F/RT)] showed a linear relation with the slope...

A new method was optimized for rapid screening of 17β-estradiol (E2) in water under 10 min. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) particles (325 ± 25 nm) were added in a water sample at pH 5.5 and 20°C to form a suspension. Fluorescence emission from E2 nonspecifically bound onto the MIP particles was first quenched by large gold nanoparticles (43 ± 5 nm). The Stern-Volmer plot was linear, with d...

Single scale quantities, as anomalous dimensions and hard scattering cross sections, in renormalizable Quantum Field Theories are found to obey difference equations of finite order in Mellin space. It is often easier to calculate fixed moments for these quantities compared to a direct attempt to derive them in terms of harmonic sums and their generalizations involving the Mellin parameter N . S...

In the present study, the effects of different types of verbal activities on heart rate variability (HRV) were investigated. ECG signals were recorded in ten volunteers during resting (R), reading silently (RS), reading aloud (RA) and talking freely (TF). Time domain, frequency domain and Poincaré plot measures of HRV were calculated for analyzing. Time domain parameter of pNN50, frequency doma...