One serious concern of health policymakers in South Africa is the fact that there is no national data on the dietary intake of adult South Africans. The only national dietary study was done in children in 1999. Hence, it becomes difficult to plan intervention and strategies to combat malnutrition without national data on adults. The current review consequently assessed all dietary studies in ad...

This study reports results from a randomized controlled intervention trial, focusing on: (1) the identification of successful consumer strategies for increasing fruit and vegetable intakes to the recommended levels of more than five (80 g) portions per day and (2) impact on overall diet and nutrient intakes. Adult men and women (n 170) fulfilling the main recruitment criterion of eating less th...

Adequate quality and quantity of athletes’ competition day diet is critically important for better performance and optimum recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of nutrient intake and dietary practices of Sri Lankan national volleyball players during a day of a major competition. Dietary practices of 76 athletes (43 males and 33 females) were surveyed using 24-hour diet...

BACKGROUND Fatty acids play a vital role in glucose homeostasis; however, studies on habitual dietary fat intakes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk are limited and provide conflicting findings. OBJECTIVE We determined whether the total amount and the type and source of prepregnancy dietary fats are related to risk of GDM. DESIGN A prospective study was conducted in 13,475 women w...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most important causes of human mortality in the world. Higher intakes of choline and betaine have been shown to be associated with lower plasma homocysteine levels (the putative CVD risk factor). This study aimed to review the evidence on the association between dietary intakes of choline and betaine and traditional/novel CVD risk factors. METH...

BACKGROUND There are limited data about dietary intakes and plasma lipids of elderly US Hispanics. OBJECTIVE The disparity in prevalence of type 2 diabetes among population groups underscored our need to assess dietary and plasma risk factors for cardiovascular disease. DESIGN Plasma lipids and apolipoproteins and dietary intakes of macronutrients were measured in elderly subjects (60-98 y)...

Energy intakes of adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) have been reported to be relatively low, with many micronutrients below recommended amounts, but little is known about the diets of athletes with SCI. The purpose of this cross-sectional, observational study was to assess energy intakes and estimate the prevalence of dietary inadequacy in a sample of elite Canadian athletes with SCI (n = 32...

BACKGROUND Dietary habits are major contributors to coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. However, comprehensive evaluation of etiologic effects of dietary factors on cardiometabolic outcomes, their quantitative effects, and corresponding optimal intakes are not well-established. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the evidence for effects of dietary factors on cardiometabolic diseases...

High urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio is considered a strong risk factor for hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate excretion of sodium and potassium, we analyzed these levels associated with dietary intake in Japanese adolescent football players. cross-sectional included 120 male Over 24 h, urine was collected measured creatinine, sodium, potassium levels. A assessment performed using sel...