Diesel is a complex mixture containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which persist after a spill, pass readily from water into tissues, and are toxic to early life stages of fish. The bioavailability and chronic toxicity of hydrocarbons dissolved into water from floating diesel (water-accommodated fraction) and chemically dispersed diesel (chemically enhanced water-accommodated fraction) we...

Scatterometer Contamination Mitigation

~troduction' 'Car~inog~nici ty of Diesel Exhaus't, and Its C:onst~tuents Role,mid Detection of DNA Adduds in Exposures to ,'Diesel EXhaust and Its Carainqgenic Constituents ' Pulmonary Carcinogenesis Associated wit4 PartiCle Acc~IIllilation iil the "Lung , , " ',' , ; Modulation of I-Compounds by Carcinogens and.' ,Tumor Prom()ters ' , ,specific Aims Methods , R~t' Inha~~tiop. Study' Statistica...

Diesel exhaust is a mixture of combustion gases and ultrafine particles coated with organic compounds. There is concern whether exposure can result in or worsen obstructive airway diseases, but there is only limited information to assess this risk. U.S. railroad workers have been exposed to diesel exhaust since diesel locomotives were introduced after World War II, and by 1959, 95% of the locom...

There is an emerging concern that particulate air pollution increases the risk of cranial nerve disease onset. Small nanoparticles, mainly derived from diesel exhaust particles reach the olfactory bulb by their nasal depositions. It has been reported that diesel exhaust inhalation causes inflammation of the olfactory bulb and other brain regions. However, these toxicological studies have not ev...

The main objective of this study is to analyze the different ratio of emulsified fuels on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of four stroke single cylinder kirloskar TV-I direct injection compression ignition engine and compared with diesel fuel under different engine loads with constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. Four kinds of test fuels were prepared namely 80% diesel, 10...

Many organizations interested in renewable, domestic energy have switched from petroleum diesel to biodiesel blends for use in transportation and heavy-duty equipment. Although considerable evidence exists on the negative health effects of petroleum diesel exhaust exposures in occupational settings, there has been little research examining biodiesel exposures. Working collaboratively with a loc...

To achieve energy saving and emission reduction for vehicle diesel engines, the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) was employed to recover waste heat from vehicle diesel engines, R245fa was used as ORC working fluid, and the resulting vehicle diesel engine-ORC combined system was presented. The variation law of engine exhaust energy rate under various operating conditions was obtained, and the running...

The paper presents introduction to the research on possible supplying ship diesel engines with mixtures of diesel oils and vegetable oils or their esters with accounting for ecological aspects – exhaust gas purity. Characteristics of vegetable oils and their esters are compared with those diesel oils. Consequences of their application to diesel engines, mainly for their working process and exha...

The results of an experimental work carried out to evaluate the effect of palm oil methyl esters, also known as palm oil diesel (POD) and its emulsions as alternative fuel on unmodified indirect injection diesel engine's wear and lube oil performance are presented in this paper. Half throttle engine with constant 2500 rpm setting was maintained throughout the wear debris and lube oil analysis s...