Protodeborylation of triorganoboranes, usually carried out under mild reaction conditions using an excess of acetic acid, affords 1,5-dialkyl-3,7-dimethyl-4,8,9-trioxa-2,6-dioxonia-1,5-diboratabicyclo [3.3.1]nona-2,6-dienes OB(R)OC(Me)OB(R)OC(Me)O [1 (R = Et), 2 (R = cyclooctyl)]. Acetoxy(dialkyl)boranes and di(acetoxy)alkylboranes were not formed in an appreciable amount. Compounds 1 and 2 wer...

In the aerobic tricarboxylate cycle succinate is formed via oxidation of a-ketoglutarate, but anaerobically various bacteria form it via reduction of fumarate. The latter pathway was initially inferred to account for the large amounts of succinate and its derivative, propionate, produced in the fermentation of glycerol by propionic bacteria (l-4). Furthermore, fumarate was later shown to serve ...

the kinetics of the reactions between triphenylphosphine 1 and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates 2, in the presence of a nh-acid such as 5-nitroindazole 3,were studied. corresponding kinetic parameters to all reactions were evaluated, with the second order rate constant (k) values calculated. effects of solvent, temperature, and reactants (dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates) structure and concentrat...

in order to investigate the effects of dimethylamino substituent at postion 2 of the dihydropyridine nucleus on its activity, dialkyl 1,4-dihydro-2-[2-(dimethy- lamino) ethyl]-6-methyl-4-(1-benzyl-2-alkylthio-5-imidazolyl)-3,5-pyrdinedicar- boxylates (6a-f) were synthesized. the synthesis was started from dialkyl 1,4- dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(1-benzyl-2-alkylthio-5-imidazolyl)-3,5-pyridinedicar-...

In the title coordination polymer, {[Sm(2)(C(4)H(2)O(4))(3)(H(2)O)(6)]·6H(2)O}(n), the Sm(III) ion is nine-coordinated by four O atoms from three different maleate ligands, two O atoms from one fumarate ligand and three O atoms from three water mol-ecules. The fumarate ligand lies on an inversion center. Adjacent Sm(III) ions are bridged by the maleate and fumarate ligands, forming a layer para...

Permeabilized cells of toluene-mineralizing, sulfate-reducing strain PRTOL1 catalyzed the addition of toluene to fumarate to form benzylsuccinate under anaerobic conditions. Recent in vitro studies with two toluene-mineralizing, denitrifying bacteria demonstrated the same fumarate addition reaction and indicated that it may be the first step of anaerobic toluene degradation. This study with str...

Dimethyl fumarate is an orally bioavailable compound for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. A mechanism involving nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 activation has been proposed to account for its efficacy in multiple sclerosis. Here, we report that dimethyl fumarate inhibits expression of integrin α4 on circulating lymphocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice an...

In the crystal structure of the title salt {systematic name: 4-[3-(5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl)prop-yl]-1-(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)piperazin-1-ium (2Z)-3-carb-oxy-prop-2-enoate}, C(23)H(30)N(3)O(+)·C(4)H(3)O(4) (-), the piperazine group in the opipramol cation is protonated at only one of the N atoms. In the cation, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 53.5 (6)°. An extensive array of in...