Generation of ultrashort x-ray pulses (femtoseconds to attoseconds) is attracting much attention within the x-ray FEL user community. At the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), we have successfully delivered femtosecond x-ray pulses to the users with two operating modes – low-charge (20-40pC) scheme and emittance spoiling foil method. Diagnostics on the femtosecond beams is also a challenging t...

We propose a new method for the classification of optically dark gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), based on the X-ray and optical-to-X-ray spectral indices of GRB afterglows, and utilizing the spectral capabilities of Swift. This method depends less on model assumptions than previous methods, and can be used as a quick diagnostic tool to identify optically sub-luminous bursts. With this method we can al...

introduction: chest x-ray (cxr) is the simplest diagnostic tool of community acquired pneumonia (cap), but it has some limitation. therefore, the aim of this study is comparing the diagnostic accuracy of cxr and chest ultrasonography (cus) in detection of cap. methods: in the present study, a consecutive sample of suspected patients with cap was underwent cus, cxr, and chest computed tomography...

Background: Lead-based radiation shields are widely used in radiology departments to protect both workers and patients from any unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation. Recently there has been a great deal of concern expressed about the toxicity of lead. Human lead toxicity is well documented. In that light, production of environmentally-friendly lead-free radiation shields with less weight ...

A novel diagnostic design seeks to enhance the capability of multienergy soft x-ray (SXR) detection by using an image intensifier to amplify the signals from a larger set of filtered x-ray profiles. The increased number of profiles and simplified detection system provides a compact diagnostic device for measuring T(e) in addition to contributions from density and impurities. A single-energy pro...

Background: A study has been conducted to assess two useful radiation protection indices, the annual per-capita effective dose equivalent (AED) and the genetically significant dose (GSD), from conventional diagnostic radiography in 10 counties with more than 1,886,000 inhabitants in Khorasan province in Iran. Materials and Methods: The health centre authorities of Khorasan province were asked t...