To accurately predict the modifications done during metabolic processes by cytochrome P450 (P450) 3A enzyme, selecting substrates that best represent a broad range of substrate substitutions and that follow the Michaelis-Menten kinetic properties is highly necessary. In the present study, the oxidative pathways of deoxyschizandrin (DS), the most abundant lignan in Fructus Schisandrae fruit extr...

IMPORTANT INSIGHTS into a number of biological processes have come from studies of rare inherited diseases. Goethe’s declaration is best exhibited by the leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) syndromes, in which one of several molecules in the adhesion cascade is defective. Much has been learned from the study of LAD, yet the puzzle is far from being solved. Animal models have also been pivotal i...

On a nonstandard two-parametric quantum algebra and its connections with U p,q (gl(2)) and U p,q (gl(1|1)) Abstract. A quantum algebra U p,q (ζ, H, X ±) associated with a nonstandard R-matrix with two deformation parameters(p, q) is studied and, in particular, its universal R-matrix is derived using Reshetikhin's method. Explicit construction of the (p, q)-dependent nonstandard R-matrix is obta...

Claudin-3 (CLDN3) and claudin-4 (CLDN4) are the major structural molecules that form tight junctions (TJs) between epithelial cells. We found that knockdown of the expression of either CLDN3 or CLDN4 produced marked changes in the phenotype of ovarian cancer cells, including an increase in resistance to cisplatin (cDDP). The effect of CLND3 and CLDN4 on cDDP cytotoxicity, cDDP cellular accumula...

We develop a new method to rank the degree of similarity between Boolean expressions, contrast it with other known methods, and describe its implementation. Our method reduces time and space complexity from exponential to polynomial in the number of Boolean terms.

Ureteral injury is a rare but potentially serious complication that can occur during a variety of abdominal and pelvic surgical procedures. Knowledge of the course of the ureter is the first step toward preventing ureteral injuries. While some injuries are noticed intraoperatively, most are missed and present later with pain, sepsis, urinary drainage, or renal loss. The choice of treatment is b...

Welcome to issue 49 of Research Notes, our quarterly publication reporting on matters relating to research, test development and validation within University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL). The theme of this issue is performance testing, largely focusing on written assessment. In the fi rst article, Helen Spillett outlines the revision of the Cambridge English: Profi ciency (CP...