A Web-based multi purpose contractual management system can provide support to contractual process workflows for different types of contractual process of unilateral, bilateral or multilateral contracts. These processes can be done on-line i.e. Web-based without the need for all actors to be synchronously present with respect to both time and space. Different contractual processes of initializa...

The need to use position-dependent parameters often hampers the definition of flexible, extensible, and reusable abstractions for software composition. This observation has led us to explore the concept of forms, which are first-class extensible records and that, in combination with a small set of purely asymmetric operators, provide a core language to address this issue. One interesting applic...

Small firms are thought to encounter various difficulties implementing strategic alliances. Due to these problems, they may be less able to reap the benefits of alliance adaptation, and the changes that occur in alliances over time often will not coincide with the small firm’s interests. The evidence we present on contractual renegotiations in alliances suggests that small firms are no more or ...

In this position paper we discuss the issue of enforcing access policies in distributed environments where there is no central system designer/administrator, and consequently no guarantee that policies will be properly implemented by all components of the system. We argue that existing access control models, which are based on the concepts of permission and prohibition, need to be extended with...

Before the outbreak of Civil War, theorists and politicians South US developed theoretical instruments resistance to what they considered tyrannical practices federal government. Just next interposition nullification, most radical measure was right secession. In article, author distinguishes between constitutional meta-legal arguments. The first ones refer thought Founding Fathers, spirit ‘98 c...

The combination of marriage and contract (ʿaqd al-nikāḥ) has been one the interesting subjects for scholars to be discuss elaborate. focus this attention on analysis understanding contractual component reflecting a similarity with economic contracts. Recent studies endeavored explain nexus; however, they have also neglected include how as concept operates in Islamic law beyond, discussions betw...

Proxy wars dominate modern war fighting. Despite the frequency of proxy on today's battle field, strategic studies community lacks sufficient models and theories to frame from level. This works seeks build limited amount preexisting theoretical work by introducing five relation - coerced, transactional, cultural, exploitative, contractual. help policymakers, strategists, practitioners understan...

Abstract The Fairlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) family has been investigated in detail for various continuous marginals such as Cauchy, normal, exponential, gamma, Weibull, lognormal and others. It has been a popular model for the bivariate distribution with mild dependence. However, bivariate FGM’s with continuous marginals on a bounded support discussed in the literature are only those with uni...