v-sis represents a prototype for the class of oncogenes that encode growth factors. Whether its platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-like product functionally activates its receptors within the cell or at the cell surface has potential implications in efforts to intervene with the v-sis-transformed phenotype. We demonstrate that intracellular as well as cell surface forms of two PDGF receptor ...

of Restenosis To the Editor: We would like to point out several issues related to citations of the scientific literature in an article by Yamasaki et al.1 We would like to emphasize that quinoxalines were the first compounds showing excellent efficacy in inhibiting balloon injury–induced stenosis in pigs and rats. Reference 20 in the article by Yamasaki et al, which describes this study, is not...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the roles of plasma cytokines in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and their relationship with the severity of DR. METHODS This study included 59 diabetic patients and 19 non-diabetic controls. The plasma concentrations of endothelial growth factor (EGF), eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), Flt-3 ligand (Flt-3L), fractalkine, granulocyte colony-sti...

Objective(s): The present day challenge is how to obtain germ cells from stem cells to treat patients with cancer and infertility. Much more efforts have been made to develop a procedure for attaining germ cells in vitro. Recently, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) have been introduced with higher efficacy for differentiation. In this work, we tried to explore the eff...

Self-amplification of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is believed to regulate asymmetric membrane extension and cell migration, but the molecular organization of the underlying feedback circuit is elusive. Here we use an inducible approach to synthetically activate PI3K and interrogate the feedback circuitry governing self-enhancement of 3'-phosphoinositide (3-PI) signals in NIH3T3 f...

results the administration of quercetin hydrate significantly reduced the concentration of il-13, pdgf-β, and tnf-α and increased the concentrations of inf-γ in balf. conclusions according to the experimental results, quercetin hydrate reduced the concentration of inflammatory fibrotic factors, such as il-13, pdgf-β, and tnf-α, and increased the level of the antifibrotic factor inf-γ, and the e...

The microRNA (miRNA), miR‑34a is significant in colon cancer progression. In the present study, the role of miR‑34a in colon cancer cell proliferation and metastasis was investigated. It was found that the expression of miR‑34a in colon cancer tissues and cell lines was lower when compared with that of normal tissues and cells. Further research demonstrated that miR‑34a inhibited cell prolifera...

An obstacle to understanding motor pathologies of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is that the physiology of some of the cellular components of the gut wall is not understood. Morphologists identified fibroblast-like cells in the tunica muscularis many years ago, but little is known about these interstitial cells because of inadequate techniques to identify these cells. Recent findings have show...

BACKGROUND Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) is a cell-surface receptor tyrosine kinase for platelet-derived growth factors. Correct timing and level of Pdgfra expression is crucial for embryo development, and deletion of Pdgfra caused developmental defects of multiple endoderm and mesoderm derived structures, resulting in a complex phenotypes including orofacial cleft, spi...

The neuroprotective effect of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor has been extensively studied in various toxic models of Parkinson's disease. However, it remains unclear whether this neurotrophic factor can protect against the toxicity induced by the aggregation-prone protein α-synuclein. Targeted overexpression of human wild-type α-synuclein in the nigrostriatal system, using aden...