We investigated whether caffeine ingestion before submaximal exercise bouts would affect supramaximal oxygen demand and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD), and if caffeine-induced improvement on the anaerobic capacity (AC) could be detected by different methods. Nine men took part in several submaximal and supramaximal exercise bouts one hour after ingesting caffeine (5 mg·kg-1) or place...

A simplified grape carbon balance model, called VitiSim, was adapted from the simplified apple carbon balance model developed earlier. The model uses a daily time step, a big-leaf daily canopy photosynthesis light response and respiration of organs based on mass and specific respiration rates. Weather inputs are only daily max and min temperatures and radiation. Partitioning is based on the bal...

Patients with basal ganglia (BG) pathology are consistently found to be impaired on rule-based category learning tasks in which learning is thought to depend upon the use of an explicit, hypothesis-guided strategy. The factors that influence this impairment remain unclear. Moreover, it remains unknown if the impairments observed in patients with degenerative disorders such as Parkinson's diseas...

Thailand has been changed to rapid urbanization and industrialization since 1980s. During 1992 through 1996, the number of industrial factories in Rayong province increased very sharply. The major types of industries are petrol-chemical and plastic production. However, after the petrochemical industry boomed, the higher demand led to an industrial area expansion. The establishment of factories ...

In response to clinical demand some point-of-care analysers now provide blood lactate measurements, but recently concern has been expressed about the value and interpretation of these measurements. We undertook this study to evaluate blood lactate measurements in patients with acute renal failure undergoing haemofiltration (HF) with lactate replacement fluid. At baseline, 27 patients had base d...

Background: This study addresses the growing academic and policy interest in the appropriate provision of local healthcare services to the healthcare needs of local populations to increase health status and decrease healthcare costs. However, for most local areas information on the demand for primary care and supply is missing. The research goal is to examine the construction of a decision tool...

BACKGROUND This study addresses the growing academic and policy interest in the appropriate provision of local healthcare services to the healthcare needs of local populations to increase health status and decrease healthcare costs. However, for most local areas information on the demand for primary care and supply is missing. The research goal is to examine the construction of a decision tool ...

The growing demand for gladiolus, especially at peaks of consumption, requires efficient scheduled production and good quality floral stems. objective this study was to understand how water deficit affects the growth development gladiolus and, consequently, stems produced. Plant development, quantitative parameters stems, dry mass partitioning were evaluated in two field experiments with four c...

Satellite based vegetation indices are increasingly used to characterize vegetation's response climate variability and change over large spatial extents. The use of a given index assumes that the adequately describes hydroclimatic forcing. objective this study is compare temporal behaviors normalized difference (NDVI) leaf area (LAI) their associations with variables. Observations monthly preci...

In this note, we consider a mild generalization of flows, which allow a fixed amount of flow to be injected or extracted from the flow network at the vertices. For the moment, consider a flow network G = (V, E) without identified source and target vertices. Let b : V → R be a balance function describing how much flow should be injected (if the value is positive) or extracted (if the value is ne...